General Characteristics and Animal Like Protists Kingdom Protists General Characteristics and Animal Like Protists

General Characteristics Eukaryotes Difficult to classify   Classified into protists by what they are NOT Eukaryotes that are NOT members of Kingdom Plantae, Animalia or Fungi Mostly unicellular, but not all

Classification Classified according to how they get nutrition Heterotrophs Animal like protists Photoautotrophs Plant like protists External digestion Fungus like protists

Animal Like Protists 4 phyla according to movement Zoomastigina Move with flagella Absorb food through cell membrane Ex. Giardia

Animal like Protists Sarcodina Move by pseudopods Called amoeboid movement (‘ooozy’ critters) Surround food, producing food vacuole Ex. Amoeba proteus

Animal Like Protists Move with cilia   Food swept into gullet via cilia; food vacuole forms at base of gullet Waste emptied via anal pore Some have trichocysts Defense projections (like a mini porcupine)

Ciliophora continued Macronucleus Micronucleus Contractile vacuoles Working genetic material Micronucleus Extra copy of DNa Exchange of micronuclei during conjugation increases genetic diversity Contractile vacuoles Gets rid of excess water  Ex. Paramecium

Animal Like Protists Sporozoa Parasites Often have more than one host   Often have more than one host Ex. Plasmodium

Diseases Caused by Animal Like Protists Plasmodium: sporozoan causes Malaria Trypanosome: zooflagellate causing African Sleeping Sickness   Entameoba: sarcodine causing amoebic dysentery (major killer in third world countries) Giardia: zooflagellate causing intestinal disease in humans (present in Canada) Paramecium coli: ciliate causing intestinal disease in humans (rare in Canada)

Ecology Form symbiotic relationships (both organisms benefit) Ex. Termite Decomposers   Food for other organisms