Respiratory System Function---remove particles from the air, transports Oxygen to the air sacs and removes Carbon Dioxide

Introduction Video Video

Nose, Nasal Cavity, Paranasal Sinuses and Pharynx * Nose- Exterior portion only, made of bone and cartilage * Nostrils---openings for air * Nasal Cavity- has mucous membrane w/ psuedostratified ciliated epithelium & blood vessels that warm incoming air & traps dust & other small particles.

More Anatomy…  * Paranasal Siunuses-- air filled spaces w/in bones of skull & nasal cavity,… reduce weight of skull & are resonant chambers for the quality of voice. * Pharynx- behind nasal/ oral cavities and larynx, common passage way for air and food

Larynx, Trachea Larynx- muscles, cartilage & mucous membrane, prevents foreign objects from entering the trachea -has vocal cords which vibrate & produce sounds as air passes by -Epiglottis- prevents food/ liquids from entering trachea.  Trachea-- anterior to esophagus, divides into right & left bronchi * 20 C-shaped cartilage rings on it—prevents trachea from collapsing & blocking airway

Bronchial Tree Branched air passages that lead from trachea to air sacs Right and Left Primary Bronchi secondary bronchi tertiary bronchi bronchioles  terminal bronchioles alveolar ducts  thin- walled alveolar sacs Aveoli- at distal ends of the narrowest tubes… alveolar ducts… This is where gases are exchanged by DIFFUSION!

LUNGS– soft, spongy, cone shaped Enclosed by diaphragm & thoracic cage Visceral pleura attaches to the surface of the lungs Parietal pleura lines the thoracic cavity– has fluid that lubricates and decreases friction Each lung has millions of alveoli & blood vessels Right lung is larger---3 lobes Left – 2 lobes 

Diaphragm/ Yawning sheet-like skeletal muscle and connective tissue that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities, assists in respiration