AstrA Case study areas: Cities Kokkola and Raahe 18-20. May 2006 Klaipeda Satu Putkinen, GTK Finland

Case Study areas Bothnian Bay City of Kokkola City of Raahe 23/11/18

Case Kokkola Main interests are the impacts on: 1.Harbours 2.Industrial sewage water plant 4.municipal sewage water plant 5.Rummelö Natura 2000 area 6.Planned Sea Kokkola residential area 7.River Sunti planning 8.Bride Island residential area 9.Trullevi recreational buildings 10.Boat harbours 11.Recreation areas on shoreline 12.Dredgings of boating routes and shores 13.Wind energy building 14.Water quality changes of the seawater 23/11/18

The aims of City of Kokkola Description of the most probable/worst scenarios (sea level rise, storms, irregular weather events, droughts, precipitation, flow rates of the rivers). To describe the development alternatives of the Old Harbour Bay and surroundings as well as the Ykspihlaja industry area in different scenarios till year 2100. How these results can be taken into account in city planning – WP3 – documentation of the planning and related communication processes. 23/11/18

Historical rewiew - future Shore line changes 1500-1800 Collecting of the data of shore line changes and land use 500 years back (maps and physical changes on environment) Estimating shore line changes till year 2100 in different scenarios 1800 1700 Kokkola, founded 1620 1600 1500 23/11/18

Kokkola sea level change DRAFT VERSION High case +10 cm Ensemble average -41 cm Low case -87 cm Draft version 23/11/18 The lowest allowed height of building: Kokkola 2.20m, Raahe 1.50m

The City of Kokkola Draft version Draft version In 1980’ies storm surge cause flooding in River Sunti – water level reached Market place 2 kilometers from sea-shore. Water level changes happen in few hours during the storms Highest water level in November (1.2 meters above normal) – critical time for storms if no ice cover. Usually ice cover between December and April Draft version Draft version 23/11/18

Ykspihlaja area in Kokkola Heavy industrial area Sewage treatment plant near sea Industrial waste water reservoir 3 m a.s.l. Natura - protection area Draft version Draft version Draft version 23/11/18

Impacts on leisure time Summer cottages by the sea shore Boating – changing routes Skiing, skating Icehole fishing 23/11/18

The lowest recommendable height for building The lowest allowed height of building: Kokkola 2.20m, Raahe 1.50m * Including the minimum wave action Source: Kahma et al. 1998 23/11/18

The City of Raahe Old housing and summer cottage area on low-lying seashore Boat routes are in danger There is model of sea-level changes for harbour done before Effects on coastal nature 23/11/18

How will the the currents in Bothnian Bay change in future? The City of Raahe Ideal coast for wind mill park: low coast, small islands to shelter the mills > Problems in future? Storm winds? Advantages? Best locations? How will the the currents in Bothnian Bay change in future? Rivers bring sand and other debris with nutrients to shore >> problems with algae in closed bays Moving underwater sandbanks cause problems in coastal area. Erosion: sandy beaches turn out to stony Ice cover changes? No ice at the winters? More heap pack ice? Will the ice masses pack into the coasts more often? Can extend 600 m on-shore causing destruction! How to prepare for that? 23/11/18

The City of Raahe Heavy industrial area is near the shore. (metal) Port of Kokkola is one of the busiest (6) Open year round 700 ships / year Route to be dredged 2007-2008 (10 meters deep) 23/11/18

Thank you! Satu Putkinen Western Finland Office, GTK Tel.: + 358205505221 Mobile: + 358505361151 Email: satu.putkinen@gtk.fi 23/11/18