Ryan Simpson Adrian Smalley Jenessa Dilley

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Presentation transcript:

Ryan Simpson Adrian Smalley Jenessa Dilley Hair as a Biological Indicator of Drug Use, Drug Abuse and Chronic Exposure to Environmental Toxins Ryan Simpson Adrian Smalley Jenessa Dilley

Advantages Larger detection windows From 3 days to years Depending on the length of the hair shaft Evaluation of long to short term history Discriminative Active and passive exposure Non-invasive sample collection Broader Applications

Anatomy of Hair

Hair Growth Stages Anagen Catagen Telogen Return to Anagen

Incorporation Into Hair Capillary surrounding follicle Provides Nutrients Extraneous Substances Other levels of incorporation Tissues Lymph Intracellular Fluids

Detectable Substances Opiates Cocaine Amphetamines Cannabinoids Prescription Drugs Nicotine Antidepressants Antipsychotics

Detectable Habits Chronic Alcohol Consumption Drug Addiction

Environmental Toxins Pollution Pesticides Neonatal Exposure Work Hazards

Sample Collection & Preparation Vertex Less variability in growth Less subject to age and sex related influence Growth phases are more consistent Washing Removes external contaminants Extractions Alkaline Digestion Acidic Digestion Enzymatic Digestion

Hair Analysis Analytical Requirements Immunoassays HPLC & CE Sensitivity Specificity Absence of Matrix Effects Immunoassays HPLC & CE GC-MS & GC-MS/MS Infrared Microscopy

Applications Doping Controls Drug Abuse Studies Forensic Toxicology Drug History Type and Extent Forensic Toxicology Acute Drug Poisoning

Applications Evaluate Environmental Exposure to Toxicants Clinical Chemistry Compliance of Patience to Doctor’s Prescription Clinical Toxicology Prenatal Exposure Assessment Diagnostic Biomarkers