Matter & States of Matter

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Presentation transcript:

Matter & States of Matter

What is matter? The “stuff” everything is made of Anything that has mass and takes up space.

All matter is made up of atoms. What is matter made of? All matter is made up of atoms.

What is an Atom? The smallest particle of an element. The basic building block of matter Consists of subatomic particles Proton Neutron Electron Subatomic particles differ in their location, charge, and mass

What is a proton? positively charged particle Mass =1 atomic unit (amu) Found inside the nucleus of the atom

What is a neutron? No charge (neutral) Mass = 1 atomic mass unit (amu) Found inside the nucleus

What is an electron? Negative charge Almost no mass much smaller than protons and neutrons Found outside the nucleus

What are elements? The atoms of any element are alike but are different from atoms of other elements. There are more than 115 known elements. No element with an atomic number greater than 92 is found naturally in measurable quantities on Earth. Elements combine in many ways to produce compounds that make up all substances on Earth.

What are the phases matter? Solid Liquid Gas

Do the particles in a substance move? All particles of a substance (regardless of their state of matter) are in constant motion They all have kinetic energy

What is heat? Energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures Energy is always transferred from the high temperature object to the low temperature object

What is a phase change? Change of state As thermal energy is added to a system, temperature DOES NOT always increase Energy added is used to break down the physical forces that bond the molecules

What happens at the boiling point of a substance? Vaporization The change of state from a liquid to a gas Condensation The change of state from a gas to a liquid

What happens at the melting/freezing point? The change of state from a solid to a liquid Freezing The change of state from a liquid to a solid

What does it mean for a liquid to vaporize? Molecular motion increases and allows more distance between the molecules

Phase Change Graph

Brain Pop http://www.brainpop.com/science/matterandchemistry/atomicmodel/ As you watch this brainpop video, pay attention and add any new notes to your notes sheet. (You can use the back) There will be a “review quiz” at the end, which we will use for a class game.