Nucleotide

Monomer of nucleic acid – made up of a sugar, a base, and a phosphate group

Base Pairing

Bonds form between guanine and cytosine and Adenine and Thymine

Transformation

Process by which one bacteria is changed by a gene or genes from another strain of bacteria

Deoxyribose

Sugar in DNA

Double Helix

Shape of DNA

Chromatin

DNA wrapped with proteins

Replication

Process when DNA makes a copy of itself

DNA Polymerase

Enzyme that makes the new strand of DNA

Helicase

Enzyme that unwinds DNA

Chromosome

Structure that carries the genetic material – thread like

Complementary

This is what the new strand of DNA is called

DNA

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

VOCAB QUIZ #2 Words

Messenger RNA

Molecule that carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino acids

Transfer RNA

Molecule that carries amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis

transcription

Process by which a strand of mRNA is copied from a section of DNA enough information to code for 1 protein

Translation

Process by which a polypeptide is made from the instruction on a mRNA molecule

Codon

3 nucleotide sequence on mRNA that codes for an amino acid

Anti-codon

Group of 3 bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to a 3 nucleotide sequence on mRNA

Genetic code

Language of mRNA instructions on how to make a protein

Amino acid

Molecule made up of a carboxyl group, amino group, and an R group Molecule made up of a carboxyl group, amino group, and an R group. Many of them together make a protein.

Protein

Sequence of amino acids – long chain

Polypeptide

Sequence of amino acids – long chain

Mutation

Any change in a DNA sequence that affects the genetic info

DNA

Double stranded contains all of the genetic code

RNA

Single stranded – contains info to code 1 protein