Malcom X Freedom Riders Black Panthers CIVIL RIGHTS Malcom X Freedom Riders Black Panthers

Competing Voices of Civil Rights: Martin Luther King vs. Malcolm X Martin Luther King, Jr. Non-violent, peaceful protests Malcom X Promoted black supremacy  advocated the separation of black and white Americans  rejected the civil rights movement for its emphasis on integration

Activism Through Non-Violent Protest In 1961 “Freedom Riders” rode buses throughout the South to test whether integration orders were being enforced Freedom riders faced arrest & violence but exposed the lack of enforcement of desegregation laws in the Deep South Martin Luther King’s non-violent approach inspired other groups to act:

Stokely Carmichael The Black Panthers MLK’s assassination marked a turning point in the civil rights movement from nonviolence to radicalism & “Black Power”

John Fitzgerald Kennedy (JFK) Election of 1960 Peace Corp Space Race Death Lee Harvey Oswald Warren Commission

The Election of 1960 The election of 1960 marked a turning point in U.S. politics

The Election of 1960 The election of 1960 marked a turning point in U.S. politics Republican Richard Nixon offered experience Served 8 years as VP Had foreign policy experience during the critical stages of the Cold War Promised to keep gov’t spending & taxes low

The Election of 1960 The election of 1960 marked a turning point in U.S. politics Democrat John F. Kennedy offered youth & hope Served 2 Senate terms Had no foreign policy experience; Seen as inexperienced; Catholic But, offered active leadership to address America’s problems

The Election of 1960 The election of 1960 marked a turning point in U.S. politics 1960 was the 1st time presidential debates were on TV TV debates helped JFK win the election 1960 marked the beginning of TV dominance in politics

JFK & the Cold War President Kennedy fought the Cold War in other ways: JFK created the Peace Corps in 1961 to send humanitarian aid & improve U.S. relations with under-developed nations In 1962, JFK committed the U.S. to catch the USSR in the space race by landing a man on the moon by the end of the decade U.S. landed on the moon in 1969

On Nov 22, 1963 John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas

Kennedy's Assassination: Dallas Chronology Kennedy's Assassination: Dallas Chronology. Sequential chronology of the SPECIFIC, PROVABLE events that took place in Dallas on November 23, 1963 11:40 a.m. Air Force One arrives at Love Field in Dallas, Texas. 11:45 a.m. The Presidential motorcade leaves Love Field. 11:50 a.m. President Kennedy stops to greet youngsters at Lemmon Avenue and Lomo Alto Drive. 12:22 p.m. The motorcade stops at Ervay Street. 12:30 p.m. President Kennedy and Senator John Connally are hit by bullets. Their limousine speeds to Parkland Memorial Hospital. 12:36 p.m. The President's limousine arrives at Parkland. 12:40 p.m. Vice presidential aides arrive at Trade Mart, where a crowd is awaiting the president's arrival.

Kennedy's Assassination: Dallas Chronology Kennedy's Assassination: Dallas Chronology. Sequential chronology of the SPECIFIC, PROVABLE events that took place in Dallas on November 23, 1963 12:40 p.m. Lee Harvey Oswald boards a bus. 12:44 p.m. Oswald gets off the bus. 12:47 p.m. Oswald enters a cab. 12:54 p.m. Oswald leaves the cab and walks to his boarding house. 12:59 p.m. Oswald arrives at his boarding house. He leaves several minutes later with a pistol. 1:15 p.m. Oswald is stopped by police officer J.D. Tippit. Tippit is shot to death. 1:45 p.m. Oswald runs into the Texas Theater. 1:50 p.m. Oswald is arrested inside the theater. 2:08 p.m. A hearse bearing Kennedy's body leaves Parkland hospital. 2:15 p.m. The hearse arrives at Love Field.

The Assassination of JFK On Nov 22, 1963 John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas Chronology of events: Lee Harvey Oswald was arrested VP Lyndon Johnson was sworn in as president on Air Force One Two days later, Oswald was killed by Jack Ruby After a 10 month investigation, the Warren Report stated that Oswald was a “lone gunman” Kennedy's Assassination: Dallas Chronology. Sequential chronology of the SPECIFIC, PROVABLE events that took place in Dallas on November 23, 1963. 11:40 a.m. Air Force One arrives at Love Field in Dallas, Texas. 11:45 a.m. The Presidential motorcade leaves Love Field. 11:50 a.m. President Kennedy stops to greet youngsters at Lemmon Avenue and Lomo Alto Drive. 12:22 p.m. The motorcade stops at Ervay Street. 12:30 p.m. President Kennedy and Senator John Connally are hit by bullets. Their limousine speeds to Parkland Memorial Hospital. 12:36 p.m. The President's limousine arrives at Parkland. 12:40 p.m. Vice presidential aides arrive at Trade Mart, where a crowd is awaiting the president's arrival. 12:40 p.m. Lee Harvey Oswald boards a bus. 12:44 p.m. Oswald gets off the bus. 12:47 p.m. Oswald enters a cab. 12:54 p.m. Oswald leaves the cab and walks to his boarding house. 12:59 p.m. Oswald arrives at his boarding house. He leaves several minutes later with a pistol. 1:15 p.m. Oswald is stopped by police officer J.D. Tippit. Tippit is shot to death. 1:45 p.m. Oswald runs into the Texas Theater. 1:50 p.m. Oswald is arrested inside the theater. 2:08 p.m. A hearse bearing Kennedy's body leaves Parkland hospital. 2:15 p.m. The hearse arrives at Love Field. 11/24/63: Morning Jack Ruby is at his apartment when a friend calls asking him to wire $25. 11:17 a.m. Ruby arrives at Western Union to wire the money. 11:21 a.m. Ruby shoots Oswald.

The Impact of the Assassination

The Impact of the Assassination JFK’s assassination had important consequences for America: The “martyrdom” of JFK put pressure on Congress to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964 VP Lyndon Johnson carried out JFK’s “war on poverty” LBJ enacted his own program called the “Great Society” with civil rights, medical insurance, environmental, & social programs

Vietnam Who did we fight U. S. Goals Domino theory Vietnamization

1968: Student Protest & Vietnam Since 1965, Americans were sent to fight Communism in Vietnam

1968: Student Protest & Vietnam 1968 was the height of the Vietnam War & the year of the disastrous Tet Offensive

DOMINO THEORY

The Tet Offensive was a turning point in the Vietnam War “Johnson’s War”

The Tet Offensive, 1968 The Tet Offensive was a turning point in the Vietnam War President Johnson began to question whether the war could be won… …& LBJ announced that he would not seek re-election “Johnson’s War”

The Tet Offensive, 1968 The Tet Offensive was a turning point in the Vietnam War American attitudes towards the war changed & anti-war movement grew “Johnson’s War”

Nixon wanted “peace with honor” in Vietnam

Vietnamization Nixon & National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger developed a plan called Vietnamization: gradually withdraw U.S. troops & replace them with South Vietnamese soldiers