Unit 1 Wise men in history Grammar

目录 Lead-in 1 While-Learning 2 Post-Learning 3 Review 4

Part I Lead-in

观察这些句子 1. He is very smart, isn't he? 2. They work hard, don't they? 3. You didn't go, did you? 4. She can swim, can't she? 5. There're some apples in the basket, aren't there? 6. Let's try again, shall we?

Part II While-Learning

Grammar A Question tags

We use question tags to check if something is true, or when we want others to agree with us. It's a nice crown, isn't it? It isn't made completely of gold, is it? We usually put a negative tag after a positive statement. We usually put a positive tag after a negative statement.

Archimedes was a famous scientist, wasn't he? He didn't make the crown with gold, did he? The train has left, hasn't it? You'll forgive him, won't you?

Work out the rule We use the right form of the verbs be, do _____or modal verbs + subject pronouns in the question tags. We use (the same/a different) tense for the statement and the question tag. have

Things to remember When we answer tag questions, we use yes or no according to the facts. The runner didn't win the race, did he? Yes, he did. (He won the race.) No, he didn't. (He did not win the race.) Pay attention to the following special question tags. Take out your books, will you? Let's get out of here, shall we? You're never late, are you? We put a comma (,) before a question tag.

Summary Question tags 反意疑问句 反意疑问句由陈述句加简短附加问句构成，用以要求对方证实所述之事。反意疑问句主要有两种类型：一类是反意的附加疑问句，另一类是非反意的附加疑问句。

1. 反意疑问句如果陈述句部分是肯定的， 附加问句部分一般是_____的；如果陈述 句部分是否定的，附加问句部分一般是 _____的。 Archimedes was a famous scientist, wasn't he? He didn't make the crown with gold, did he? 否定 肯定

2. 在回答反意疑问句时，不管问题的提 法如何，若事实是肯定的，就要用_____ （yes / no）；若事实是否定的，就要用 _____（yes / no）。 The runner didn't win the race, did he? Yes, he did. (He won the race.) No, he didn't. (He did not win the race.) yes no

3. 当陈述句部分用了nothing, never等含有 否定意义的词时，附加问句部分一般是 _____ 的。 There're few apples in the basket, are there? He can hardly swim, can he? They seldom come late, do they? 肯定

will 4. 祈使句后的附加问句部分一般用_____ you；但以Let's开头的句子，附加问句部 分为_____ we。 Give me a hand, will you? Let me help you, will you? Let's try again, shall we? shall

5. I think / believe后有宾语从句时，附加 问句的主语应与_____（主句/从句）的主 语保持一致。 I don't think he is bright, is he? We believe she can do it better, can't she? 从句

6. 陈述句部分和附加问句部分的人称和时态 应保持一致。附加问句的主语常用相应的 ________；附加问句的动词要根据陈述句的 谓语动词来确定，选用适当的be动词、助动 词或情态动词，其否定式一般用缩略形式。 Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesn't she? You thought they could have completed the project, didn't you? 人称代词

7. 陈述句部分如果是there be句型，则 附加问句部分要用_____充当主语。 There are some apples in the basket, aren't there? There isn't any milk left, is there? there

Read the passage and complete the sentences below. Everybody loved eating at the corner coffee shop. One of the reasons was Lily, the waitress. She was always friendly. Nothing seemed to worry her. Lily smiled at all of the people in the shop and always got the orders right. Even on a rainy day, Lily's sweet smile could make everyone happy.

was she 1. Lily was not friendly, _______? _____________ 2. Lily only smiled at her boss, ________? ______________ 3. Lily didn't get the orders right, _______? ____________ 4. Lily didn't work in a coffee shop, _______? ____________ 5. Lily wasn't a good waitress, _______? ____________ Yes, she was. didn't she No, she didn't . did she Yes, she did. did she Yes, she did. was she Yes, she was.

King Hiero showed the crown to the queen later King Hiero showed the crown to the queen later. Complete their conversation with question tags. Queen: You aren't happy, (1)__________? What happened? King: It's my new crown. Take a look at it, (2)__________? Queen: It looks beautiful, (3)__________? What's wrong with it? King: It isn't made completely of gold. That's why I'm angry. Queen: The crown maker tricked you, (4)__________? How did you find out? King: Archimedes told me. Let's have dinner with him tonight, (5)___________? Queen: OK. are you will you doesn't it didn't he shall we

Grammar B Sentence types

There are four types of sentences. Sentence types There are four types of sentences. Statements陈述句 Positive statement肯定句 One day in ancient Greece, King Hiero asked a crown maker to make him a golden crown. Negative statement否定句 It was not a real golden crown. A statement talks about a certain person or thing. It usually ends with a full stop (.).

Questions（疑问句） Yes/No question (一般疑问句） Is it made completely of gold? Wh-question (特殊疑问句) What should I do? Alternative question (选择疑问句) What is the crown made of, gold or something else? Tag question (反意疑问句） It's a nice crown, isn't it? We use questions to ask for information. A question ends with a question mark (?).

Imperatives（祈使句） Look at this. Keep quiet! Please give me some gold of the same weight. Watch out! When we want to give commands or make requests or suggestions, we use the imperative. An imperative sentence ends with a full stop (.) or an exclamation mark(!).

Exclamations（感叹句） How excited Archimedes was! What a bad man the crown maker is! When we want to express strong feelings, we use exclamations. An exclamation usually ends with an exclamation mark (!).

Positive statement 肯定句 Negative statement 否定句 Find one or two sentences for each sentence type from the reading passage. Sentence type Example Statements Positive statement 肯定句 Negative statement 否定句 One day in ancient Greece, King Hiero asked a crown maker to make him a golden crown. … it's not completely made of gold.

Alternative question 选择疑问句 Find one or two sentences for each sentence type from the reading passage. Sentence type Example Questions Yes/No question 一般疑问句 Wh-question 特殊疑问句 Alternative question 选择疑问句 Tag question 反意疑问句 Is it made completely of gold? What should I do? It's a nice crown, isn't it?

Sentence type Example Imperatives Exclamations Find one or two sentences for each sentence type from the reading passage. Sentence type Example Imperatives Exclamations Look at this. What a bad man he is!

B1 Add a full stop (. ), a question mark (. ) or an exclamation mark ( B1 Add a full stop (.), a question mark (?) or an exclamation mark (!) to the end of the following sentences. How can I find out____ The crown is nice____ How wonderful____ The king was not happy____ Please close the window____ What a nice crown____ This is difficult, isn't it____ Leave me alone____ ? . ! . ./! ! ? ./!

B2 Look at the sentences below and label the sentence types. (1)How did Archimedes discover the truth? (2)He's so clever, isn't he? (3)King Hiero sent me to prison. (4)What a lonely place this is! (5)Will he let me out soon? (6)I don't want to stay here any longer. (7)Please let me out! 1 Wh-question 2 Tag question 3 Positive statement 4 Exclamation 5 Yes/No question 6 Negative 7 Imperative

Part III Post-Learning

Read the conversation below and practise it in pairs Read the conversation below and practise it in pairs. Pay attention to the intonation for the question tags.

Part IV Review

一、完成下列反意疑问句 1. Let's go fishing, _______ ? 2. Nobody was away, _______ ? 3. Nothing can stop us now, _______ ? 4. I don't think he would like meat, _______? 5. Don't stand up, _______ ? shall we were they can it will you would he

6. There were few birds in the park, _______. 7 6. There were few birds in the park, _______? 7. He put his shoes under the bed, _______? 8. Mary's never been to Japan, _______? 9. He knows little about me, _______ ? 10. Jack said she was busy, _______ ? were there didn't he has she does he didn't he

isn't it? b. have they? c. doesn't she? d. does he? e. had we? 二、选择正确的答案。 1. That's my coat, 2. You don't know the answer, They haven't been married very long, 4. You won't be home till after midnight, 5. Peter doesn't like chocolate, 6. We hadn't been there very long, 7. She lives in Paris, 8. You can't swim, isn't it? b. have they? c. doesn't she? d. does he? e. had we? f. do you? g. can you? h. will you?

三、选择正确的答案。 1. Sally has returned to Guangzhou,____ she? A. did B. didn't C. has D. hasn't 2. Few of the students hurt themselves in the accident last night, ______? A. don't they B. didn't they C. did they D. do they 3. Few of you will go to play basketball ______ a snowing morning, ______? A. in, will you B. on, won't you C. in, won't you D. on , will you D C D

4. I don't think we can finish all the work before Friday, _____. A 4. I don't think we can finish all the work before Friday, _____? A. do I B. can we C. hasn't she D. have she 5. Mary hasn't finished her homework,_____ she? A. has B. does C. hasn't D. have 6. We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, ______? A. do you B. can we C. will you D. got out B A C

7. It's a fine day. Let's go fishing, ______ we. A. won't B. will C 7. It's a fine day. Let's go fishing, ______ we? A. won't B. will C. don't D. shall 8. At the meeting Mr King didn't say a word from beginning to end, _____? A. didn't Mr King B. did he C. did Mr king D. didn't he 9. Zhang Haidi never went to school, ____? A. does she B. did she C. doesn't she D. didn't she D B B

H D G E F C A B 1. The king asked him to find out the truth. 四、选出与下列句子对应的句子种类。 A.反意疑问句 B.否定句 C.感叹句 D.祈使句 E.一般疑问句 F.选择疑问句 G.特殊疑问句 H.肯定句 1. The king asked him to find out the truth. 2. Put some water into the pot. 3. When did the king begin to doubt? 4. Did the king put the crown maker into prison? 5. Was the crown made of gold or metal? 6. What a clever man he was! 7. The king knew the truth, didn't he? 8. The crown wasn't made of gold. H D G E F C A B