Ethical Theories Ethical Theories Unit 5.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Advertisements

Our roles and responsibilities as GPs

Our roles and responsibilities as GPs

Rawlsian Contract Approach Attempts to reconcile utilitarianism and intuitionism. Attempts to reconcile utilitarianism and intuitionism. Theory of distributive.

Justice as Fairness by John Rawls.

Lecture 6 John Rawls. Justifying government Question: How can the power of government be justified?

John Rawls. Most important pol phil of 20 th cent? No ? The most important lib. Represented academic left vs people like Isaiah Berlin and Robert Nozick.

Unit 2 Principles of Health and Social Care Practice

PHIL 104 (STOLZE) Notes on Heather Widdows, Global Ethics: An Introduction, chapter 4.

Radical Egalitarianism

L To distribute goods and services fairly, protecting everyone’s right to equal opportunity and bettering the lives of all members of society (liberalism:

COMP 381. Agenda  TA: Caitlyn Losee  Books and movies nominations  Team presentation signup Beginning of class End of class  Rawls and Moors.

Egalitarians View Egalitarians hold that there are no relevant differences among people that can justify unequal treatment. According to the egalitarian,

The Goals of Public Health and the Ethics of Public Health Policy Christian Munthe Department of Philosophy, Göteborg University EuroPHEN, financed by.

John Rawls, Who? GETTING TO THE ASSIGNED ARTICLE: A THEORY OF JUSTICE (1971) HOW WERE PEOPLE THINKG ABOUT ETHICS AND JUSTICE? – Utilitarian.

THE PRINCIPLE OF UTILITY: Bentham

ETHICAL APPROACHES JUSTICE ETHICS OF CARE RIGHTS UTILITARIANISM.

Ethical Principle of Justice principle of justice –involves giving to all persons their "rights" or "desserts" –the distribution of various resources in.

Ethics DEFINITIONS Values Morals Ethics Ethical dilemma

Thomas Hobbes ( ) l Fear of others in the state of nature (apart from society) prompts people to form governments through a social contract l State.

What is a Just Society? What is Justice?.

Contemporary Liberalism: John Rawls: Justice as Fairness l All citizens should share in a society’s wealth and be given equal economic opportunities l.

New interventions into human ageing and social justice Dr. phil. Hans-Joerg Ehni Institute for Ethics and History of Medicine, University of Tuebingen.

Business Ethics/Corporate Social Responsibility Overview.

THEORIES ABOUT RIGHT ACTION (ETHICAL THEORIES)

January 20, Liberalism 2. Social Contract Theory 3. Utilitarianism and Intuitionism 4. Justice as Fairness – general conception 5. Principles.

PHIL 2 Philosophy: Ethics in Contemporary Society

JUSTICE OR FAIRNESS APPROACH

Introduction to Ethics in Health Sector. 2 Why Is Ethical Analysis Needed? Problems are not just technical How do we know which problems are important?

Introduction to Ethics and Environmental Ethics. Some Classic Characteristics of Ethics 1. Central concern is the well-being of people. 2. Consider not.

CRITICAL QUESTION How should the bounty of a society be distributed?

1 Business Ethics and Social Responsibility l an oxymoron?!?! l What is GOOD vs. What is Bad! l behaviour of business and the treatment of stakeholders.

Rawls on justice Michael Lacewing co.uk.

CHAPTER EIGHT: SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY P H I L O S O P H Y A Text with Readings TENTH EDITION M A N U E L V E L A S Q U E Z.

Justice Paradox of Justice Small volcanic island has two villages, “South Town” (Pop 300) and “North Village” (Pop 500). Threat of devastating volcanic.

LIBERTY, EQUALITY AND JUSTICE GONDA YUMITRO. LIBERTY Liberty is the ultimate moral ideal. Individuals have rights to life, liberty, and property that.

Ideas about Justice Three big themes Virtue Ethics Utilitarianism

January 20, Liberalism 2. Social Contract Theory 3. Utilitarianism and Intuitionism 4. Justice as Fairness – general conception 5. Principles.

ETHICAL PRINCIPLES & ISSUES IN PUBLIC HEALTH Dept. of Public Health.

Distributive Justice John Rawls. Which is better? MusicCheese 65.

Chapter 4 EQUAL EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITY. “There is nothing more unequal than the equal treatment of unequal people.” Thomas Jefferson The concept of equal.

A trolley is speeding down a track and cannot be stopped. In its path are five people who have been tied to the track. You have the option to flip a switch.

The Common Good Approach Teri Wuest, Katie Kuen, Rebecca Meixner Th, 5:30 Ethical Theories Presentation April 9, 2009.

Justice as Fairness John Rawls PHL 110: ETHICS North Central College.

Justice and Economic Distribution

Egalitarian Liberalism: Justice in the Modern State

Health Services Organization and Management HSA 500 Ethical Issues in Public Health and Health Services Williams, S. J., & Torrens, P. R. (2008). Introduction.

Three Modern Approaches. Introduction Rawls, Nozick, and MacIntyre Rawls, Nozick, and MacIntyre Have significant new approaches Have significant new approaches.

Equity: Ethical Approaches to Social Justice “Excuse me, but its important to get those drinks to those who need them the most.”

Deontological Approaches Consequences of decisions are not always the most important elements as suggested by the consequentialist approach. The way you.

1 Business ethics and social responsibility (chapt. 10) an oxymoron?!?! What is GOOD vs. What is Bad! behaviour of business and the treatment of stakeholders.

SHOULD not BE PRIORITISED ACCORDING TO EqualityDoctor or Arbiter? Conclusion Right to risky behaviour Group Members The health practitioner must play an.

WEEK 2 Justice as Fairness. A Theory of Justice (1971) Political Liberalism (1993)

Reward and Punishment.

Chapter 4 Ethical Standards. Introduction Limits to what law, regulations, and accrediting standards and requirements can govern In the absence of law,

Moral Principles Paul L. Schumann, Ph.D.

PHIL 104 (STOLZE) Notes on Heather Widdows, Global Ethics: An Introduction, chapter 4.

Political theory and law

John Rawls Ronald Dworkin

John Rawls’ theory of justice

Principles of Health Care Ethics

Rawls’ Theory of Justice

Theories of justice.

MODULE 3 By: Chris Martinez.

Module 3 (Adamczak) Theories of Justice.

A Review of Principles DR. K. Smith, PharmD, MPH.

Ethics: Theory and Practice

A Text with Readings TENTH EDITION M A N U E L V E L A S Q U E Z

Rawls’ Theory of Justice

Professional Ethics (GEN301/PHI200) UNIT 3: JUSTICE AND ECONOMIC DISTRIBUTION Handout #3 CLO#3 Evaluate the relation between justice, ethics and economic.

Presentation transcript:

Ethical Theories Ethical Theories Unit 5

Ethical Principles Beneficence – principle of doing good Ethical Theories Ethical Principles Beneficence – principle of doing good rather than harm Nonmalificience

Ethical Principles Autonomy – principle that acknowledges Ethical Theories Ethical Principles Autonomy – principle that acknowledges individuals have freedom of choice and action when considering plans that affect them

Ethical Principles • Justice - the duty to give to each person what Ethical Theories Ethical Principles • Justice - the duty to give to each person what they deserve and can legitimately claim

Rights • Justified claims that individuals or groups can Ethical Theories Rights • Justified claims that individuals or groups can make upon others or upon society

The Principle of Formal Justice Ethical Theories The Principle of Formal Justice Equals must be treated equally, and unequals must be treated unequally. -attributed to Aristotle

Principles of Distributive Justice Ethical Theories Principles of Distributive Justice Egalitarian: the duty to give to each person an equal share

Principles of Distributive Justice Ethical Theories Principles of Distributive Justice Humanitarian: the duty to give to each person according to individual need

Principles of Distributive Justice Ethical Theories Principles of Distributive Justice Libertarian – the duty to give to each person according to individual effort, merit, or contribution

Libertarian Principle Ethical Theories Libertarian Principle Differences in individual merit, effort, or contribution translate into differential ability to afford insurance and/or access treatment. To a libertarian, these differences are not unjust. As health care has become increasingly a business, this principle has assumed a strong de facto position.

Principles of Distributive Justice Ethical Theories Principles of Distributive Justice Entitlement – everyone is entitled to whatever they get in the natural lottery at birth.

Entitlement Principle Ethical Theories Entitlement Principle Each individual is responsible for improving their lot in life. Inequalities between individuals in health, position, and wealth are tolerated. Aggression or harm against others and unjust acquisition of goods are prohibited.

Principles of Distributive Justice Ethical Theories Principles of Distributive Justice Utilitarian – the duty to give to each person according to the greatest good for the greatest number.

Utilitarian Principle Ethical Theories Utilitarian Principle Individual needs and wants are not considered. • Consideration is only given to providing that which will serve the greatest number. • Societal Beneficence vs. Individual Beneficence • Libertarian and Utilitarian are concerned with maximizing goods and minimizing harms = the Utility Principle.

Maximin Principle (John Rawls) Ethical Theories Maximin Principle (John Rawls) • The duty to give to each person according to the greatest benefit to the least advantaged. Each person is owed a fair opportunity to access health care. Persons must have both an equal chance and the means to access the opportunity. Persons are owed a “decent minimum” level of health care. Decent minimum of health care is provided by subsidizing health care by those that have the means to do so.

Two Levels of Debate The Individual Level Social Policy Ethical Theories Two Levels of Debate The Individual Level Social Policy

Issues to Consider Is health care a right of all citizens? Ethical Theories Issues to Consider Is health care a right of all citizens? If health care is a right, what is the “decent minimum” owed? What are the limits to the right of health care?

Ethical Theories Issues to Consider How do the rights to health care balance against other rights? To what extent do/should economic considerations intrude into clinical decision making?