This patient with a malignant pleural effusion was treated with an indwelling pleural catheter (IPC). This patient with a malignant pleural effusion was.

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This patient with a malignant pleural effusion was treated with an indwelling pleural catheter (IPC). This patient with a malignant pleural effusion was treated with an indwelling pleural catheter (IPC). After 4 months of drainage, he developed symptomatic loculations. The fluid could not be evacuated despite a patent catheter in the right pleural cavity. He was given intrapleural instillation of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), with excellent effect. The post-treatment chest radiograph revealed an underlying trapped lung and a significant pleural rind of tumour. Macy M S Lui et al. BMJ Open Resp Res 2016;3:e000123 ©2016 by British Thoracic Society