Native American Resistance Ch. 6-4, P. 220 Native American Resistance

Topics Covered: Causes of war between Native Americans and United States Native American reactions to American expansion

Key Terms: Battle of Fallen Timbers Treaty of Greenville Reservation Assimilation Battle of Tippecanoe

War in the “Old Northwest” The American Revolution had broken the Iroquois and Cherokee. Further west, tribes came together to fight American expansion. Aided by the British, they defeated US forces in present-day Indiana.

Native Losses Little Turtle and Blue Jacket led the tribes to fight US outposts, but when the US Army came, they tried to negotiate peace. US Gen. “Mad Anthony” Wayne defeated the Native tribes at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794. In the next year, the Miami, Shawnee, Delaware, and other tribes were forced to sign the Treaty of Greenville, giving up 2/3 of Ohio and opening their lands to white settlers. 1. Anthony Wayne 2. Little Turtle 3. William Wells 4. William Henry Harrison 5. William Clark 6. Meriwether Lewis 7. Blue Jacket 8.Leather Lips 9.Tarhe

Native Reactions - Acceptance Followers of Little Turtle made peace with the Americans, choosing to live in Northern Illinois. They began to adopt white culture and tried to live peacefully with the settlers.

Native Reactions - Blending In Western New York, a tribal leader named Handsome Lake sought to revive Seneca culture on the reservation, blending it with his learned, white culture. He would abandon war and revive tribal rituals and beliefs, but retain white attitudes about land, agriculture, property, and family life.

Native Reactions – Return to Roots Tenskwatawa, “The Prophet”, called for a return to the old ways and a complete break with, and rejection of, white culture. He established Prophetstown, “Tippecanoe”, on the Wabash River, and his followers adopted a warlike attitude towards the US.

Native Reactions – Armed Resistance Tenskwatawa’s older brother, Tecumseh, had fought against the white settlers for decades. He believed the natives’ only hope was to unite together and fight for their survival. Tecumseh went to the governor of Indiana Territory, William Henry Harrison, to protest legal trickery whites were using to steal native lands. In response, Harrison attacked Tippecanoe with 1,000 militia, while Tecumseh was in the south trying to unite the tribes.

Battle of Tippecanoe