Cardiac Anatomy Cardiac Physiology Cardiac Cycle Circulation Blood 1pt 1 pt 1 pt 1pt 1 pt 2 pt 2 pt 2pt 2pt 2 pt 3 pt 3 pt 3 pt 3 pt 3 pt 4 pt 4 pt 4pt 4 pt 4pt 5pt 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt
The “point” of the heart, which rests against the diaphragm
What is the apex
The name for the valves that separate the atria from the ventricles .
What are atrioventricular valves (AV valves)
The name of the valve that separates the left atrium from the left ventricle
What is the mitral valve
The thin double layered sac that encloses the heart
What is the pericardium
The wall of muscle that separates the ventricles.
What is the interventricular septum.
These cells located in the Sinoatrial node are self excitable and elicit action potentials that drive the heartbeat
What are pacemaker cells
DOUBLE JEOPARDY The influx of this ion drives the action potential in cardiac contractile cells
What is sodium
Action potential is terminated when potassium
What is moves out of the cell
The QRS wave on the EKG represents this.
What is the depolarization of the ventricle
The sequence of excitation in the heart
What is from the SA node to the AV node to the Bundle of His to the right and left bundle branches to the Purkinje fibers
The term for the period when the heart is contracting
What is systole
Heart sounds are caused by
What is the closing of valves
The heart is at maximum blood volume during this phase
What is diastole
Cardiac output can be determined by multiplying
What is stroke volume and heart rate
DOUBLE JEOPARDY Stroke volume can be regulated by
What is preload, afterload or contractility
Blood flows from areas of high pressure to areas of
What is low pressure
Blood flow is defined as
The amount of blood that flows through a vessel, organ or whole circulation in a given amount of time
The difference between systolic pressure and diastolic pressure is known as
What is pulse pressure
Peripheral resistance can be affected by these 3 things
Vessel diameter, vessel length and blood viscosity
MAP can be determined by this equation
What is CO x TPR
Red blood cells are also called
What are erythrocytes
When blood is centrifuged these can be found in a thin layer between the RBC and the plasma
What are WBC and platelets
The main function of WBC is
What is defense against disease
The function of platelet is
What is coagulation
The red pigment that binds oxygen is called _________ and requires _____ in order to properly carry oxygen.
What is hemoglobin, iron