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Presentation transcript:

Chat Four chats before presentation Micphone use is encouraged Students submit 1 question per lecture every Monday 3 questions/week Pooled and assigned by Tuesday and discussed on Wednesday Your tax is due 35-40 minutes, each has 20 minutes to talk and answer questions

Soil review Complexity of soils Intensity and capacity concepts Weathering Florida soils Collected from over a dozen books

Kabata-Pendias and Pendias (1992) Three phases: not concrete solid Concern: Liquid > air > solid Solid phase: organic and inorganic Inorganic-minerals: present as sand, silt and clay Organic: Living phase. Heavier than water? Soil moisture content: volume basis, what about mass basis Density of minerals. Kabata-Pendias and Pendias (1992)

Kabata-Pendias and Pendias (1992) Three phases: not concrete solid Concern: Liquid > air > solid Solid phase: organic and inorganic Inorganic-minerals: present as sand, silt and clay Organic: Living phase. Heavier than water? Soil moisture content: volume basis, what about mass basis Density of minerals. Kabata-Pendias and Pendias (1992)

Partition Concern Kabata-Pendias and Pendias (1992) Three phases: not concrete solid Concern: Liquid > air > solid Solid phase: organic and inorganic Inorganic-minerals: present as sand, silt and clay Organic: Living phase. Heavier than water? Soil moisture content: volume basis, what about mass basis Density of minerals. Kabata-Pendias and Pendias (1992)

Absorbed/adsorbed=sorb Siegel, 2002

Spatial variability Spatial changes in Water content: extremely dry still have some water Data were obtained for 35 ground slabs of actual buildings Seasonal changes in water content of subsoil beneath old slab-on-ground structures in Finland http://jen.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/29/4/301.pdf

Temporal and spatial variability J.L. Richardson & M.J. Vepraskas (eds). 2000. Wetland Soils. CRC Press. Temporal changes in Water content: redox

Interactions between soil components and compartments: dynamic equilibria in soils What determine the metal concentrations in soils?? Organic matter: liming increase Pb concentration? Kabata-Pendias and Pendias (1992)

Interactions between soil components and compartments: dynamic disequilibria in soils What determine the metal concentrations in soils?? Kabata-Pendias and Pendias (1992)

Soil review Complexity of soils Intensity and capacity concepts Weathering Florida soils Collected from over a dozen books

Intensity and capacity concepts Metal solubility: mineral Metal speciation: redox Purdue, J.H and W. Patrick, Jr. 1995. Changes in metal speciation following alteration of sediment redox status. In H.E. Allen (ed) Metal Contaminated Aquatic Sediments. CRC.

Decontaminating Contaminating PbO Pb(OH)2 PbCO3 Minerals of different solubility: which one controls? The least soluble controls the solubility-then we don’t have to worry since nature takes care of itself? Kinetics & dynamics: N2NH3 Pump and treat: Intensity factor: elemental concentration in soil solution Capacity factor: ability of solid phases in soils to replenish depleted elements in solution Lindsay (1979)