Bone Structure and Growth

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Presentation transcript:

Bone Structure and Growth

Structure of Bone Compact bone Haversian canals Osteocytes and lacunae Canaliculi Volkmann’s canals

Spongy (cancellous)bone Light weight and strong Trabeculae Canaliculi Contain red marrow

Features of a Long Bone

Bone Development & Growth Osteogenesis/ossification Osteoblast Osteoclast Osteocyte

Intramembranous ossification Sheet-like connective tissue is replaced with bone Flat bones of skull and some irregular bones

Endochondral ossification Replaces hyaline cartilage with bone Forms most bones in body Growth in bone length is created through a similar process

Endochondral Ossification

Bone Growth Growth only occurs at epiphyseal plate Growth ends in the early 20s Bone growth is controlled by growth and sex hormones Appositional growth continues throughout life

Functions of the Skeleton Support Protection Movement Storage Hematopoiesis

Articulations Any place where two bones meet Synarthroses Amphiarthroses Diarthroses

Synarthroses Immovable joints

Amphiarthroses Slightly movable joints Bones connected by hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage

Diarthroses Freely movable joints Ends of bone covered in hyaline cartilage Bones separated by a joint cavity Cavity lined with synovial membrane Bursae

Ball and socket joint

Condyloid (condylar) joint

Saddle Joint

Pivot joint

Hinge joint

Gliding (plane) joints

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