Tier 2 Process Safety Event

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Presentation transcript:

Tier 2 Process Safety Event HSE LEARNINGS The dehydration tank T-401 in Fahud MLPS was removed from service when it developed a pin hole leak for inspection and repair. During the final stages of cleaning operation, the operators noticed the sludge in the tank was warming-up. This was caused by pyrophoric scale contamination in the sludge. The crew started soaking the sludge with water before further removal continued. The sludge was prepared to go to the sludge farm. The sludge farm operator refused to offload extra consignment of sludge until lab analysis was carried out as he noticed some vapour coming from the disposed sludge from T-401. The cleaning crew left the worksite at the end of the shift with sludge of around 3m3 soaked with water and covered with plastic sheet at around 5 meters away from the tank T401. Overnight on Thursday 30th of June 2011 at 2100hrs the plastic cover blew off and the sludge dried out and auto-ignited, causing a small fire, which was quickly detected and extinguished by the site operator. ROOT CAUSES The sludge build up in the tank contained pyrophoric iron sulphide . Pyrophoric sludge is an unknown and uncommon hazard (“Tiger”) in standard tank operations Risk assessment did not consider fully the handling and disposing of the pyrophoric sludge. LEARNINGS Pyrophoric iron sulphide can be formed on the internal surfaces of carbon steel equipment carrying fluids containing H2S. Iron oxide (corrosion) present on the internal surfaces will react with the H2S and form pyrophoric iron sulphide which, on exposure to air will auto-ignite. Pyrophoric material can accumulate in for example pig receivers, spheres, filters, production vessels, pipelines, wire line lubricators, and also in storage tanks, vent and flare systems. HSSE & SP Control Framework (EP95-0317) recommends : Any equipment constructed of carbon steel, which is in contact with sour hydrocarbons should be treated as if it contains pyrophoric iron sulphide. Requirements for handling and disposing off pyrophoric material can be found in PR-1077 sec 2.5. Keep pyrophoric materials wet all the time Engineering options as listed in SP-1190 should be considered to prevent Pyrophoric iron sulphide to form. Key Learning: Pyrophoric, auto-igniting material can collect in the sludge in storage vessels. Carbon Steel facilities which are in contact with sour hydrocarbons should be risk evaluated and treated as if containing pyrophoric iron sulphide. Keep pyrophoric materials wet all the time Tier 2 Process Safety Event Use this Alert: Discuss in Tool Box Talks and HSE Meetings  Distribute to contractors  Post on HSE Notice Boards  Include in site HSE Induction Contact: MSE511 for further information or visit the HSE Website Alert No 70 August, 2011

الدروس المستفادة – الصحة والأمن والسلامة Tier 2 Process Safety Event رفض عامل حقل الرواسب الهيدروكربونية بتفريغ شحنة إضافية حتى يتم إجراء تحليل مخبري حيث لاحظ صعود أبخرة من الرواسب الهيدروكربونية الموجودة في الصهريج (T-401) . ترك عمال التنظيف الموقع بعد انتهاء مناوبة العمل والرواسب الهيدروكربونية(٣متر مكعب ) منقوعة في الماء ومغطاة بغطاء بلاستيكي ويبعد مسافة خمسة أمتار تقريبا من الصهريج T401 مساء يوم الخميس وعند الساعة التاسعة مساء طار بفعل الهواء الغطاء البلاستيكي وجفت الرواسب الهيدروكربونية وبدأت بالإشتعال وتسبب في اندلاع حريق صغير . لاحظ عامل الموقع الحريق وأسرع في اخماده. الأسباب الجذرية تكونت الرواسب الهيدروكربونية في صهريج يحتوي على كبريتيد الحديد تلقائي الإشتعال الرواسب الهيدروكربونية تلقائي الإشتعال غير معروفة ومألوفة في عمليات صيانة الصهاريج المعتادة مخاطر الرواسب الهيدروكربونية تلقائي الإشتعال غير ماخوذة في عين الإعتبار في تقييم المخاطر المعتادة. الدروس المستفادة: تتكون كبريتيد الحديد تلقائي الإشتعال على الأسطح الداخلية للصهاريج المعدنية التي تحمل سوائل تحتوي على كبريتيد الهيدروجين . يتفاعل أكسيد الحديد ( تآكل – تأكسد) الموجود على الأسطح الداخلية مع كبريتيد الهيدروجين وينتج كبريتيد الحديد الذي إذا تعرض للهواء يشتعل تلقائيا على سبيل المثال، تتجمع المواد تلقائية الإشتعال في:pig receivers والحاويات الكروية والمرشحات وأوعية الإنتاج وخطوط الأنابيب و معدات صيانة الآبار وأيضا في صهاريج التخزين وأنظمة الإشتعال والتصريف توصي أنظمة التحكم بالتالي: المعدات المصنوعة من حديد قابل للصدأ وعلى اتصال بمواد هيدروكربونية تحتوي على كبريتيد الهيدروجين ينبغي أن يعامل كما لو أنه يحتوي على كبريتيد الحديد تلقائي الإشتعال يمكن الإطلاع على متطلبات طرق المناولة والتخلص من المواد تلقائية الإشتعال في PR-1077 sec 2.5 يجب حفظ المواد تلقائية الإشتعال رطبا في جميع الأوقات. يمكن الرجوع إلى SP-1190في الإختيارات الهندسية لمنع تكون كبريتيد الحديد تلقائي الإشتعال المكان الذي وضع فيه الرواسب االهيدروكربونية في المساء وحتى صباح اليوم التالي أهم الدروس المستفادة: من المحتمل أن تتجمع المواد تلقائي الإشتعال في الرواسب الهيدروكربونية الموجودة داخل الصهاريج والخزانات لابد من تقييم المخاطر على جميع المعدات المصنوعة من حديد قابل للصدأ وعلى اتصال بمواد هيدروكربونية تحتوي على كبريتيد الهيدروجين و ينبغي أن يعامل كما لو أنه يحتوي على كبريتيد الحديد تلقائي الإشتعال يجب حفظ المواد تلقائية الإشتعال رطبا في جميع الأوقات. Tier 2 Process Safety Event Use this Alert: Discuss in Tool Box Talks and HSE Meetings  Distribute to contractors  Post on HSE Notice Boards  Include in site HSE Induction Contact: MSE511 for further information or visit the HSE Website Alert No 70 August, 2011