The Roaring 20s: Flappers, Moonshine, & Organized Crime

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Presentation transcript:

The Roaring 20s: Flappers, Moonshine, & Organized Crime

Flappers 1920s social movement Disdain for social convention Bobbed hair, wore short skirts, listened to jazz music Seen as brash Drove cars & smoked cigarettes Had unconventional social lives

The Rise of Jazz

Started in African American neighborhoods in New Orleans Heavy improvisation, swing, and blues melodies Duke Ellington, Louis Armstrong, Ella Fitzgerald among the greats

There was also a growing trend in dance: more informal and more upbeat!

Suffrage 19th Amendment: Passed on August 26, 1920; guaranteed women the right to vote in national elections Influenced by the abolitionist movement Popular in the west Elizabeth Cady Stanton & Suzanne B. Anthony (both had been arrested multiple times for trying to vote)

Prohibition: The Noble (& Failed) Experiment

18th Amendment January 29, 1919: Amendment Ratified Went into effect one year later Banned the manufacturing, sale, and transportation of intoxication (grain based) liquors Influenced by state bans that had been in place since the 1820s, pushed by temperance societies Failed

Enforcement Mainly enforced in areas that supported amendment: rural areas & small towns Early signs of success: Drop in arrests for drunkenness, 30% drop in consumption

Failure Led to illegal production & sale of alcohol (bootlegging) Sold illegally clubs & bars called speakeasies Illegal alcohol called moonshine or bathtub gin Led to the rise of organized crime

Al Capone Made $60 million per year on bootlegging Responsible for the St. Valentine’s Day Massacre in 1929 Went to prison for tax evasion & fraud

George “Bugs” Moran Chicago gangster Battled with Al Capone Openly accused Capone of the Valentine’s Day Massacre

John Dillinger Went to Chicago in 1924 after escaping jail for robbing a grocery store Ran Dillinger/Terror Gang from Chicago Sentenced to 10-20 years in prison in 1924 Paroled in May 1933, helped friends break out of Indiana State Prison later that year Headed back to Chicago 1934: Public Enemy Number 1 Shot and killed outside Marboro Theatre on July 22

21st Amendment February 1933: Repealed Utah cast the 36th and deciding vote in favor of repeal

Bonnie and Clyde Met in Texas (January 1930) Bonnie was 19, Clyde 21 Bonnie smuggled Clyde a pistol to escape from prison Crime Spree began in 1932 after Clyde was paroled from prison Thought to have killed 13 people and robbed several banks and businesses Chased by legendary Texas Ranger Frank Hamer Killed May 23, 1934 near Sailes, Louisiana in an ambush