Chapter 11: 11ab Chapter 12: 10abcd, 11ab Chapter 13: 1ab, 2ac, 7ab Meteo 003: Lab 8 Chapter 11: 11ab Chapter 12: 10abcd, 11ab Chapter 13: 1ab, 2ac, 7ab

11.11ab pg. 515 a) -Graph each point as accurately as you can -Remember to use the correct symbols and scale b) -Interpret high/low heights same as high/low pressure -Factors that can cause weakening: -source of moisture cutoff -cooler water -wind shear -em

12.10abcd pg. 556 -Net divergence leads to pressure decreasing -Net convergence leads to rising pressure -Which one is occurring at the surface? -Is it balanced by the opposite process aloft or is there net convergence/divergence? -Stronger convergence/divergence aloft will lead to a strengthening high/low

12.11ab pg. 556 a) -Identify high and low centers on figure 12.40 b) -Surface lows are generally on the east side of 500 mb lows/troughs -Greater curvature at 500 mb = Stronger surface low (lower pressure) -Jet stream will parallel 500mb height lines, so the diagram shows a much more curved trough and subsequent stronger surface low pressure on the right (b)

13.1ab pg. 579 Advection: transport of an atmospheric variable by the wind (i.e. temperature, moisture, etc) a) -Winds need to blow across isotherms to transport warm/ cold air -See example on board… b) -Remember the flow around high/low pressure centers Show an example of cold and warm air advection on chalk board. Draw isotherms and wind blowing across isotherm from cold to warm (or warm to cold) to show cold and warm air advection.

13.2ac pg. 580 *NO Part B a) -Only thing changing is the temp. gradient -If the wind is 1 mph, then the air 1 mile away will be at your location in 1 hour c) -Only thing changing is wind speed -Same process as part a -Don’t forget explanations for each part

Temperature Advection Example Is this warm/cold advection? What will the temperature be at A in 2 hours? Note: Each isotherm is 10 nautical miles apart A 50 degrees at start. 50 degrees – 2 hours*(10 n.m./hour)*(10 degrees/10n.m) = 50 degree – 20 degrees = 30 degrees. n.m. stands for nautical miles 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

13.7ab pg. 589 -Refer back to 12.11 earlier in lab a) -Cyclogenesis favored to the east of 500 mb trough b) -Surface lows form downstream (usually to the east) ` of upper-air troughs -Surface highs form downstream (usually to the east) of upper-air ridges

Due - Friday Nov 3rd in class Office Hours: Thursday 2-3 (606B Walker) Email me if you have any questions or don’t understand a concept! (mzw274@psu.edu) Problems Chapter 11: 11ab Chapter 12: 10abcd, 11ab Chapter 13: 1ab, 2ac, 7ab