The French Revolution The National Assembly November 23, 2018 SS 20 French Revolution - The Legislative Assembly

The national Assembly Review – The Constitution of 1791 Political Spectrum November 23, 2018 SS 20 French Revolution - The Legislative Assembly

The Constitution and Louis XVI - The newly drafted Constitution of 1791 was written by the National Assembly with the intention of having the King involved in much of the decision making. The king was to be consulted in a Constitutional Monarchy; type of government. (page 25) The Constitution took two years to draft (1789 -1791) and proved to further polarize the political beliefs in France (some believed it was not radical enough). Once the constitution was drafted, the ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ November 23, 2018 SS 20 French Revolution - The Legislative Assembly

What about Louis xvi? - He also did not like this constitution, as he felt it limited too much of his power. (this was coupled with the March on Versailles) - Before the Constitution was _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ This was an attempt for Louis XVI and his family (Marie Antoinette) to flee France. In multiple attempts to publically flee, they were forced back to Paris by mobs of Parisians. So on June 20th 1791, the family snuck our of Paris in the middle of the night (dressed as peasants) but were caught in the town of Varennes. November 23, 2018 SS 20 French Revolution - The Legislative Assembly

Impact of Varennes… The King’s decision to seek refuge outside of France had terrible repercussions for his reputation. Prior to the Flight, the L16 actually had quite a bit of public support. Although he was not seen as a strong leader, many in France were happy with the new constitution that would have let him still be King, but in a more figurehead position. Upon hearing of his attempted flight, the people of France began to radicalize themselves further. There was less popular support for the king and much more for Political Clubs. The National Assembly’s newly created constitution was now in jeopardy because it relied mostly on influence of the King. But since he left, he could not be trusted. From July 1791 onwards, Louis XVI would have no hand shaping the revolution. November 23, 2018 SS 20 French Revolution - The Legislative Assembly

I. National Assembly i. National Assembly (1791 - 1792): Constitutional Monarchy ii. In 1791, few people are happy with the Constitutional Monarchy. iii. There is division in the National Assembly (NA) between groups of revolutionaries. a. Leads to the development of a Political Spectrum November 23, 2018 SS 20 French Revolution - The Legislative Assembly

II. Political Spectrum i. The political spectrum and the terms ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ a. Right: Feuillants (political club) want to keep CM. Feel revolution is over. b. Center: “The Plain”: Independents and Moderates. 1. Generally supported CM. 2. Willing to take Revolution further 3. Slow, peaceful change November 23, 2018 SS 20 French Revolution - The Legislative Assembly

Political Spectrum c. Left: “The Mountain”: These people felt betrayed by events thus far and wanted a truly democratic republic 1. Far left known as radicals 2. Wanted ________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Jacobins, Girodins, Parisian Mobs November 23, 2018 SS 20 French Revolution - The National Assembly

III. Problems for the NA i. Foreign Threats: a. Emigres: Nobles ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ b. Flight to Varennes: Louis XVI and family try to flee France. They are arrested and their supports are embarrassed c. Declaration of Pillnitz: Monarchs of Europe vow to use force to keep Louis XVI in power. This is seen by the French as an act of war. November 23, 2018 SS 20 French Revolution - The National Assembly

Problems for the NA d. France declares war on Austria, April 1792 1. NA wants a war to unite people of France. 2. Fr. armies thrashed 3. Brunswick Manifesto: Duke of Brunswick (Prussia), sends warning to surrender peacefully or revolutionaries will be “put to the tortures they deserve.” November 23, 2018 SS 20 French Revolution - The National Assembly

IV. French Response to Threats i. French rallied to defend the revolution a. Liberty, Equality, Fraternity b. Tri - colour b. La Marseillaise November 23, 2018 SS 20 French Revolution - The National Assembly

- Known as the emblem of the 5th Republic. Purity and Peace - Known as the emblem of the 5th Republic. Bloodshed that must be lost in honour of their own country. Great power or influence France has over other countries. November 23, 2018 SS 20 French Revolution - The National Assembly

November 23, 2018 SS 20 French Revolution - The National Assembly

Homework: read pages 26-30 (top) - Make notes on: Brunswick manifesto, War of 1792, Champ de Mars Massacre - How did each of these events further the revolutionary spirit in france? November 23, 2018 SS 20 French Revolution - The National Assembly

Terms Flight to Varennes Le Marseillaises National Assembly Brunswick Manifesto Emigres Constitution of 1791 Monarchists Left Center Right Radicals Reactionaries November 23, 2018 SS 20 French Revolution - The National Assembly