Significance and sources of biotin

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Presentation transcript:

Significance and sources of biotin Domina Petric, MD

Significance A key feature of biotin metabolism is that it is recycled by proteolytic cleavage from the four biotinyl carboxylases by the enzyme biotinidase. This recycling, and the prevalent hind gut microbial synthesis of the vitamin, allow quantitative dietary requirements for biotin to be relatively small. November 24, 2018 Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008.

Distribution in foods Most foods contain the vitamin as free biotin and as biocytin. Biocytin is biotin covalently bound to protein lysyl residues. November 24, 2018 Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008.

Dairy products and other Biotin μg/100 g Milk 2 Cheeses 3-5 Other Biotin μg/100 g Eggs 20 Brewer´s yeast 80 Alfalfa meal 54 Molasses 108 November 24, 2018 Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008.

Meats Meats Biotin μg/100 g Beef 3 Chicken 11 Pork 5 Calf kidney 100 November 24, 2018 Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008.

Cereals Cereal Biotin μg/100 g Barley 14 Cornmeal 7,9 Oats 24,6 Rye 8,5 Sorghum 28,8 Wheat 10,1 Wheat bran 36 November 24, 2018 Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008.

Oilseed meals Oilseed meal Biotin μg/100 g Rapeseed meal 98,4 Soybean meal 27 November 24, 2018 Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008.

Vegetables ... Vegetable Biotin μg/100 g Soybeans 60 Cauliflower 17 Lentils 13 Corn 6 Peas 9 Spinach 7 Tomatoes 4 Onions Carrots 3 ... November 24, 2018 Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008.

Fruits ... Fruit Biotin μg/100 g Walnuts 37 Peanuts 34 Watermelons 4 Bananas Grapefruit 3 Grapes 2 Apples 1 Oranges Peaches ... November 24, 2018 Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008.

Stability Biotin is unstable to oxidizing conditions and is destroyed by heat, especially under conditions that support simultaneous lipid peroxidation. Such processing techniques as the canning of foods can result in substantial losses of biotin. These losses can be reduced by the use of an antioxidant: vitamin C, vitamin E, butylated hydroxytoluene [BHT], butylated hydroxyanisole [BHA]. November 24, 2018 Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008.

Synthesis by intestinal microflora Total fecal excretion of biotin exceeds the amount consumed in the diet. This is due to the biosynthesis of significant amounts of biotin by the microflora of the proximal colon. November 24, 2018 Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008.

Literature Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008. November 24, 2018