Mitosis & Cytokinesis Lecture 2

Phases of Mitosis Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

Prophase Chromatin (DNA) coils to form visible chromosomes Sister chromatids visible held together by centromere Spindle fibers Disappearing nuclear envelope Doubled chromosome

Section 8.2 Summary – pages 201 - 210 Metaphase Chromosomes line up in middle of cell Centromere Sister chromatids Section 8.2 Summary – pages 201 - 210

Section 8.2 Summary – pages 201 - 210 Anaphase Centromeres split sister chromatids pulled apart to opposite sides of cell Section 8.2 Summary – pages 201 - 210

Telophase Two daughter cells form Cells separate Cells proceed into the next interphase Nuclear envelope reappears Two daughter cells are formed

Section 8.2 Summary – pages 201 - 210 Cytokinesis end of telophase cytoplasm and organelles divide Occurs differently in plants and animals Section 8.2 Summary – pages 201 - 210

Cytokinesis In Animal Cells plasma membrane pinches in along the equator to form 2 cells

Cytokinesis in Plant Cells Plant cells have a rigid cell wall, so the plasma membrane does not pinch in. Cell plate is laid down across the cell’s equator. A cell membrane forms around each cell, and new cell walls form on each side of the cell plate until separation is complete.

Section 8.2 Summary – pages 201 - 210 Results of Mitosis Unicellular organisms remain as single cells. In multicellular organisms, cell growth and reproduction result in groups of cells that work together as tissue to perform a specific function. CellsTissuesOrgansOrgan Systems Section 8.2 Summary – pages 201 - 210