Cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes mortality burden of cardiometabolic risk factors from 1980 to 2010: a comparative risk assessment

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Cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes mortality burden of cardiometabolic risk factors from 1980 to 2010: a comparative risk assessment The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology Volume 2, Issue 8, Pages 634-647 (August 2014) DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70102-0 Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Deaths from cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease attributable to the individual and combined effects of high BMI, blood pressure, serum cholesterol, and blood glucose by region and sex (A) and age group (B), 1980–2010 M=male. F=female. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology 2014 2, 634-647DOI: (10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70102-0) Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Age-standardised death rates from cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease attributable to the combined effects of high BMI, blood pressure, serum cholesterol, and blood glucose by region for men (A) and women (B) The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology 2014 2, 634-647DOI: (10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70102-0) Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Deaths attributable to the individual and combined effects of high BMI, blood pressure, serum cholesterol, and blood glucose in 2010, by disease CVD=cardiovascular disease. *For total stroke (RRs were for association between blood glucose and total stroke). The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology 2014 2, 634-647DOI: (10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70102-0) Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Proportion of deaths from cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease attributable to individual and combined effects of high BMI, blood pressure, blood glucose, and serum cholesterol in 2010 Note that the scales differ by panel. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology 2014 2, 634-647DOI: (10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70102-0) Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Age-standardised death rates from cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease attributable to combined effects of high BMI, blood pressure, blood glucose, and serum cholesterol by sex in 2010 Results are not shown for women in Afghanistan because despite relatively low population attributable fractions (figure 4), they had the highest worldwide death rates attributable to these risk factors. This occurred because of very high cardiovascular death rates in the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2010 Study. The appendix shows results for women in Afghanistan. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology 2014 2, 634-647DOI: (10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70102-0) Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Figure 6 Ten countries with most deaths from cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease attributable to high BMI, blood pressure, serum cholesterol, and blood glucose in 1980 and 2010 The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology 2014 2, 634-647DOI: (10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70102-0) Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions