Parts of Speech, Word Order, and Capitalization Miss Dana Shaaban

Eight Parts of Speech PRONOUNS NOUNS ADJECTIVES VERBS ADVERBS PREPOSITIONS CONJUNCTIONS INTERJECTIONS

Part of Speech Function or "job" Example words Example sentences Verb action or state (to) be, have, do, like, work, sing, can, must Google.com is a web site. I like Google.com. Noun Thing, person, place pen, dog, work, music, town, Doha, teacher, Mohammad, supermarket This is my dog. He lives in my house. We live in London. Adjective describes a noun a/an, the, 11, some, good, big, red, well, interesting My dog is big. I like big dogs. Adverb describes a verb, adjective or adverb quickly, silently, well, badly, very, really My friend runs quickly. When he is very scared, he runs really quickly. Pronoun replaces a noun I, you, he, she, some Shaikha is Qatari. She is beautiful. Preposition links a noun to another word to, at, after, on, but We went to school on Monday. Conjunction joins clauses or sentences or words and, but, when I like dogs and I like cats. I like cats and dogs. I like dogs but I don't like cats. Interjection short exclamation, sometimes inserted into a sentence oh!, ouch!, hi!, wow! Ouch! That hurts! Wow! Look at that sunset!

IDENTIFY THE PART OF SPEECH 1. Jawaher picked the yellow flower from her garden. a. noun b. verb c. pronoun d. adjective e. adverb f. preposition g. conjunction i. interjection 2. He plays basketball very well. 3. Yikes! I’m late for class! 4. My mother went to the supermarket yesterday. 5. Rashid bought his car from London. 6. I like watching movies, but I hate scary ones! 7. Samar walked slowly to work today. 8. The cat plays outside in the garden.

WORD ORDER ENGLISH WORD ORDER ARABIC WORD ORDER SUBJECT/ VERB/ OBJECT Example: The boy ate the apple. VERB/ SUBJECT/ OBJECT Example:  أكل الولد التفاحة

WORD ORDER SUBJECT VERB OBJECT I play football. Ali reads books. We can speak English. Miss Lina is singing a nice song.

WORD ORDER Time Subject Verb Object Place   I have breakfast in the kitchen. They play handball in the gym every Monday. My friend is swimming in the pool. Every Saturday Peter watches TV at home. Expressions of time can be put at the beginning or the end of a statement. At the end of the sentence: Place before Time NEVER put Place or Time between Verb and Object

Word Order Practice Which of the sentences below shows correct English word order? 1. a. She speaks well English. b. She speaks English well. 2. a. He in the living room sat. b. He sat in the living room. 3. a. That is my pen. Give to me it. b. That is my pen. Give it to me. 4. a. You played yesterday very well. b. You played very well yesterday. 5. a. Sometimes I play tennis on Sunday. b. I play sometimes tennis on Sunday.

CAPITALIZATION RULES Capitalize the first letter of the word at the beginning of each sentence. (Example: Nada went to the supermarket. She bought some food.) Capitalize the personal pronoun “I” (Example: Sara and I are going to the movies today.) Capitalize the first letter of the names of people, streets, countries, cities, and brands (Example: Omar, Al Waab, Qatar, Doha, Adidas/Gucci) Capitalize the first letter of the names of days of the week, months, and holidays (Example: Wednesday, December, Ramadan) Capitalize titles of address like Mr. for mister, Dr. for doctor etc.. (more examples: Mrs./ Ms.)

More Rules on Capitalization Capitalize the first letter of the names of languages, nationalities, and religions. (Example: Arabic/English, Qatari/American, Islam/Christianity) Capitalize the first word of a quoted sentence, even in the middle of a sentence. (Example: My mother always used to say, “Brush your teeth before you go to bed.”) Capitalize family relationships when used instead of proper names. (Example: I went to visit my Uncle Ahmad and Aunt Fatma). In titles (of books or papers), capitalize the first, last, and important words. Do not capitalize articles, prepositions, or conjunctions unless the title begins with them. (Example: War and Peace, The Prophet, Catcher in the Rye)

Capitalization Exercises Correct the following sentences by capitalizing the words where needed. my next door neighbor, mrs. bishri, has a very large garden. sadly, i dropped my ice cream on the floor before i could eat it. “let’s go to the park,” said majed. did you know lulwa was born on september 12, 1992? my favorite play is julius caesar by willam shakespeare.

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