Living Things need… Water Oxygen Energy (food) Able to respond to environmental changes Protection ( shelter, specific structures, etc) Sunlight (plants and humans)

Homeostasis: The state that organisms want to be in Homeostasis by Sheldon on Big Bang Theory

Organs are structures that have a specific job. These are the organs of the respiratory system. The respiratory system is used to obtain oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide.

In this lab, you will examine changes in the breathing rate by counting the number of breaths per minute. Changing the breathing rate means changing how much oxygen and carbon dioxide gets in and out of body. The diaphragm muscle contracts and relaxes which causes the air to rush in and then out of the body. Inhale – air rushes in Exhale – air rushes out Inhale + Exhale = Breath

Determining Breathing Rate: click on the links below. How to Take a Breathing Rate Counting Breathing Rate Your average breathing rate is your homeostatic condition. The average Breathing rate for a normal teenager is 12-14 breaths per minute. Now that you know how to determine breathing rate, let’s do the lab…..

Lab #1 Homeostasis: Investigating Breathing Rates Objective: Illustrate a homeostatic condition, disrupt the condition and summarize the findings Read the introduction to the lab… What is your hypothesis? A complete hypothesis describes what will happen and why. It answers the question of the investigation

So what happened in the lab? Sitting Running Marching Trial 1 17 22 25 Trial 2 14 24 27 Trial 3 16 28 33 Average 15.5 24.6 28.3 Sitting Running Standing on one foot Trial 1 16 28 17 Trial 2 14 32 18 Trial 3 15 30 19 Average

Did you make a correct bar graph? The data in the previous slide can be presented using a bar graph. How to Make a Bar Graph Good for showing comparison of two or more comparisons. The x-axis is the independent variable. The y-axis is the dependent variable. Did you make a correct bar graph?

Data from Another Investigation How does this data compare with your data? What can you conclude about breathing rate and type of activity?

Experiment Vocab Hypothesis – a written statement explaining what may happen and why Data – observations or facts collected during an investigation or experiment Conclusion – a written statement of what actually happened during the investigation using data to support it and stating whether the hypothesis was correct or not correct

Data Comparison for Two Investigations Same Both presented in bar graphs Both discovering the breaths per minute for an activity Resting both had the lowest breaths per minute Different Set up of investigation different b/c the time for activity changed before taking breaths per minute Conclusion: The stronger the activity always had A higher breathing rate. This proves the hypothesis Which stated that the breathing rate would go up with Exercise because more oxygen was needed for energy.

Why does breathing rate go up when activity level changes? Body wants to maintain homeostasis Sitting is the set point ( Sheldon condition) Running is a change (Sheldon annoyance) Body needs more oxgyen for cellular respiration Body needs to get rid of carbon dioxide Body needs to keep the blood neutral condition

1. Using different colors, highlight the terms receptor, control center, effector, and set point. On the back of the paper, define each. Box the receptor in the diagram using the same color chosen for the term. Do the same for control center, effector and set point Answer the “Why” questions on the diagram. On the back of the diagram, how you describe how a negative feedback loop works. What would happen if the Negative feedback loop did work? Be specific. Don’t just say, die.

Why is the heart rate going up after each person does the activity?

Negative Feedback Loop: a way to get back to normal condition Remember what Sheldon did to get back to normal.