What do you notice about this photo? Can you find the animal? Drill #33 March 27, 2014 What do you notice about this photo? Can you find the animal?

This walking stick is a great example of camouflage. Charles Darwin developed an explanation for how such camouflage developed.

Objectives SWBAT Outline the differences between Lamarck’s and Darwin’s Theories of Evolution Describe the two parts of Darwin’s evolution theory: Descent with modification Natural Selection

Agenda Homework 2 Genetic Disorder Presentations Pass forward Luccian Packet Notes on Evolution Homework Evolution HW

Evolution Looking at this cartoon, how would you define evolution?

Evolution Change in the genetic makeup of a population over time Continuous process that results in biological diversity Adaptation-an inherited trait that increases an organisms chance of survival in the environment More adaptations to the environment=survival Less adaptations to the environment=extinct

Theories of Evolution - Lamarck Jean Baptiste de Lamarck, late 1700s, Believed that organisms adapted to their environment His hypothesis was: Use and disuse Structures grew or shrank based on how much they were used Transmission of acquired traits Parents could transmit the characteristics acquired through use and disuse directly to their offspring

Lamarck Example A male fiddler crab uses its front claw to ward off predators and to attract mates.

Lamarck Example (cont). Because the front claw is used repeatedly, it becomes larger and larger with each use (3). This characteristic (large claw) is then passed onto its offspring.

Evaluating Lamarck’s Theory Lamarck did not know: how traits were inherited. an organism’s behavior had no effect on its heritable characteristics. acquired traits cannot be passed on to offspring. But, he was correct in stating that organisms change over time and paved the way for future evolutionary theories.

Theories of Evolution - Darwin Charles Darwin (1809-1882)

Darwin developed his theory while working as a naturalist on the HMS Beagle (1831)… He noticed: Variations existed among individuals in a species Individuals will compete for resources like food and space Competition would lead to the death of some individuals while others would survive Individuals that had the favorable variations were more likely to survive and reproduce Darwin’s finches

http://www.schooltube.com/video/48c821e613a9f3bf23e3/

New seating chart

Drill #1 3/31/14 What was incorrect about Lamarck’s theory of evolution? What was correct about his theory?

Two Parts to Darwin’s Theory 1. Newer forms appearing in the fossil record are the modified descendants of older species. * ALL species descended from one or a few original types of life* 2. Evolution occurs as a result of natural selection or survival of the fittest.

Survival of the fittest! Individuals with favorable adaptations or traits would survive and reproduce more successfully than individuals without these favorable traits.

Fitness = a single organism’s genetic contribution to the next generation An individual with high fitness is… Well adapted to its environment Reproduces more successfully

KEY TO NATURAL SELECTION: Genetic variation within the population Organisms do NOT select traits, the environment does!

Activity Go over differences of Lamarck’s and Darwin’s theories together Toni’s activity

Homework Complete back side of Evolution Worksheet

Drill #2 4/1/14 Use Darwin’s theory of evolution to explain how birds are direct descendants of dinosaurs.

A ship that had been used for many years in arctic exploration was moved to a harbor in the warm waters of the Caribbean. Worms that had lived on the ship bottom crawled off in the warm waters and attempted to attach to other ships in this area where there were no similar worms. Some of the worms were able to survive and reproduce. What would you expect to happen to this group of worms over many generations in this new environment? a) The worms will mate and produce offspring just as they did in their previous environment, and the group’s traits will likely remain unchanged after many generations. b) The worms will gain new, more complex traits through natural selection that will help them better adapt to the warmer waters because natural selection leads to more complex and better adapted organisms. c) Worms possessing genetic variations that help them to survive and thrive in the new environment will leave more offspring than others lacking those traits. Over time, the proportion of the worm population with these adaptive traits will likely increase. d) The mutation rate will increase in this group of worms in order to promote evolution.

A ship that had been used for many years in arctic exploration was moved to a harbor in the warm waters of the Caribbean. Worms that had lived on the ship bottom crawled off in the warm waters and attempted to attach to other ships in this area where there were no similar worms. Some of the worms were able to survive and reproduce. What would you expect to happen to this group of worms over many generations in this new environment? a) The worms will mate and produce offspring just as they did in their previous environment, and the group’s traits will likely remain unchanged after many generations. b) The worms will gain new, more complex traits through natural selection that will help them better adapt to the warmer waters because natural selection leads to more complex and better adapted organisms. c) Worms possessing genetic variations that help them to survive and thrive in the new environment will leave more offspring than others lacking those traits. Over time, the proportion of the worm population with these adaptive traits will likely increase. d) The mutation rate will increase in this group of worms in order to promote evolution.

Objectives SWBAT Outline the differences between Lamarck’s and Darwin’s Theories of Evolution Describe the two parts of Darwin’s evolution theory: Descent with modification Natural Selection

Agenda Pass forward homework assignments Pick up posters today Intro to Animal Adaptation Project Evolution Vocabularly

Animal Adaptation Project Examples

Drill #3 4/2/14 Which describes natural selection? a. Some live and some die in each generation b. Only the largest and strongest survive c. Random assortment of genes results in better characteristics in the following generations d. The best adapted individuals survive and reproduce, contributing the most to the next generation Which of the following is NOT one of the premises on which evolution by natural selection is based? a. Organisms usually produce many more offspring than the environment can support. b. Most natural populations remain approximately the same size through time. c. Organisms can alter their genes to help them survive in a particular environment. d. Hereditary differences between organisms can be passed on to their offspring.

SWBAT: Review what they have learned about Darwin's finches and experience "survival of the fittest" for themselves.

Agenda Darwin’s Finch Lab Have vocab out on desk during lab for me to check.

Darwin’s finches Lab You will be investigating evolution by "competing" for food like Darwin's finches might have competed. Each group will be given 3 different type of "beak" to work with. Each group will also be given two different kinds of food. Only use your “beak” as a bird would use it. No scooping allowed or piercing of food allowed!

Drill #4 4/3/14 Why is genetic variation important to the survival of a species?

Darwin’s Finches Lab Did you get the results you expected? Why or why not?

SWBAT: Simulate changes in peppered moth populations due to pollution and predation Observe how species can change over time due to natural selection

Agenda Natural Selection Online Lab: Peppered Moth Survey Turn in Finch lab worksheet.

Peppered Moth Survey Lab You will learn about: the life cycle of this moth, the impact of pollution and predation on moth populations, and a series of experiments conducted to determine if natural selection had an effect on peppered moth color.

Lab Groups 1: 1: Chris, Jakim, Steph 2: Ben, Charlie, JaVonne 3: Anjelica, Morgan, Christine 4: John, Aisha, Patrick 5: Ty, Nicole, Emma 6: Maya, Luke, Josh 7: Jenna, Riley

Lab Groups 2: 1: Stephanie, Rasha, Courtney 2: Ally, Brad, Sara 3: Cassidy, Tori, Alec 4: Godfirst, Nicole, Kristen 5: Tyler, Sanaa, Delaney 6: Justin, Sandra, Kelly 7: Brooke, Christa, Brittany 8: Shannon, Julia

Lab Groups 3: 1: Trevor, Garrett, Arianna, Darcy 2: Brett, Izzy, Dylan, 3: Amy, Anna, Conver 4: Felix, Skylar, Cole, Grace 5: Nick, Ashley, Audrey, Samm 6: Lauren, Austin, Abby, Chris 7: Allie, Courtney, Jake, Bryce

Wrap Up Do organisms or the environment select for certain traits?