Genes and Mitosis

1. Genes Contain the information that is needed to build the cells and cell products. Genes are the blueprints stored in a filing cabinet (chromosomes) inside a file room (nucleus) Genes>chromosomes>nucleus

2. Interphase When a cell decides it needs to build a new structure (cell), the first thing it does is make an exact copy of its genes. (This process is called interphase.) This copy will be given to the new cell. Occurs before a cell can divide (cell division).

3. Cell Division Cell division occurs when one cell (parent cell) divides to produce two new cells (daughter cells). Two phases of cell division: mitosis cytokinesis

4. Purpose of Mitosis Purpose of mitosis is to insure that each new daughter cell has genes identical to those in the parent cell. Mitosis is needed for growth and to replace dead cells, ex: skin

5. Mitosis Mitosis is when the parent cell divides its genes between two new daughter cells. Interphase (duplicate genes) occurs before mitosis. Result of interphase is two identical strands of genes called sister chromatids.

6. Phases of Mitosis 1. Prophase 2. Metaphase 3. Anaphase 4. Telophase

7. Prophase Nuclear membrane disappears Chromosomes coil up Sister Chromatids appear X-shaped Spindles of fibers forms in the cell

8. Metaphase All the chromosomes are lined up at the center of the spindle

9. Anaphase Each pair of sister chromatids of one x-shaped chromosome separate into two l-shaped chromosomes Chromosomes form two lines and move along the spindle fibers to opposite ends of cell

10. Telophase Chromosomes read the end of the spindle and begin to uncoil Spindle disappears Two new nuclear membranes form around each group of chromosomes Cytokinesis occurs when the parent cell pinches in two and gives its cytoplasm and organelles to the two new daughter cells.

http://www. biology. arizona. edu/cell_bio/tutorials/cell_cycle/cells3 http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/tutorials/cell_cycle/cells3.html