Overview, Issues, Challenges and Future Plans Saudi Building Code Committee Presentation on Steel Structures Specifications Chapter 22 Overview, Issues, Challenges and Future Plans by The Working Group on Steel Structures Specifications in collaboration with Zamil Steel Buildings Company 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Members of The Working Group The initial tentative membership: Saeid A. Alghamdi (Coordinator) CE-KFUPM Abul K. Azad Khalid F. Al-Sharif (Saudi ARAMCO) Samir Ashour (CE-King Abdulaziz University-Jeddah) Engineering Manager (Zamil Steel Company) “to be added”! The group holds frequent meetings to review progress of work and decides on issues relevant to Steel Specifications. The main venue of meetings is a the campus of KFUPM-Dhahran, unless work circumstances require otherwise. 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Scope of Work & Charges of the Group Scope of Work: Mainly to review the Specifications on Steel Structures “Analysis/Design/Construction” of the proposed draft of Saudi Building Code (SBC) with the intent of issuing of a useable first draft of the SBC that would: Cover the wide-spectrum of the needs for Steel Structures “e.g.: Residential and Industrial Buildings”. Be user-friendly with a minimum amount of cross-referencing to other documents. Charges of the Group: initial review of Chapter 22 of the proposed SBC in view of the present practice and other similar design codes; identification of major issues that require further investigations for possible “amendments, modification, deletion, etc.”; agree on a user-friendly format for Steel Specifications and issue the first modified draft of “Chapter 22”; develop an Arabic version of the Steel Specifications. 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Reviewed Documents The Steel Specifications in the proposed SBC refers to other several documents as AISC-LRFD (volumes: I and II) and AISC-ASD specifications. Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings. American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI): LRFD Specifications for cold formed steel structural members. American Society of Testing Material (ASTM): mainly for material specifications. American Welding Society (AWS): mainly for connections design. Current Regional Codes: Jordanian Design Code of Steel Structures (reviewed: Arabic format; user-friendly; multiplicity of referenced design codes); Syrian Design Code for Steel Structures (not reviewed yet). 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Overview of Chapter 22 (SBC: Steel Specifications) The proposed Chapter is composed of 11 divisions as follows: No.& Sections Title/Key Elements Constituents Findings/Remarks I: 2201-2205.11 General Standards for material, connectors, design methods, and construction. Use of: ASTM standards and two alternative designs (LRFD and ASD ). II::206-2207 Use of AISC-LRFD Adoption of LRFD. Amendments This division is too short and requires re-organization/editing for clarity. 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Overview of Chapter 22 (cont’d) No.& Sections Title/Key Elements Constituents Findings/Remarks III: 2208-2209 Use of AISC-ASD Adoption of ASD and Plastic Design (as equal preference). Amendments (refer to old edition of AISC-ASD). Too short and requires re-organization/editing for clarity using new editions of the design code. IV: 2210-2211 Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings LRFD/ASD Provisions (part I/II); Amendments (seismic zones; load combinations). Section 2210 has numerous changes (amendments/addition/deletion)! 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Overview of Chapter 22 (cont’d) No.& Sections Title/Key Elements Constituents Findings/Remarks IV: 2210-2211 (continued) Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings LRFD/ASD Provisions (part I/II); Amendments (seismic zones; load combinations); Adoption (complete listing of the AISC:LRFD and ASD Provisions!). Section 2210 has numerous changes (amendments/addition/deletion)! Validity of changes should for adequacy (load combinations; h/t ratio); specifications of EBF). 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Overview of Chapter 22 (cont’d) No.& Sections Title/Key Elements Constituents Findings/Remarks V: 2212-2214 Seismic Provisions (AISC-ASD) General remarks about load combinations (1621.3); ASD-provisions for buildings in Categories B, C, D and E. No preference to LRFD-provisions! Numerous typographical errors (e.g. Eqs.: 13-1, 13-6, 13-7) and some terms not defined (e.g. Cc in Eq. 13.5 ). VI: 2215-2216 Cold-Formed Steel Members: LRFD-provisions Adoption of AISI-LRFD; Amendments Require careful expert-review of the code to compare with the present practice. 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Overview of Chapter 22 (cont’d) No.& Sections Title/Key Elements Constituents Findings/Remarks VII: 2217-2218 Design Specifications: Cold-Formed Structural Steel Members Adoption of AISI-LRFD with amendments Specifications will be studied after a review of original code sections in addition to expert review form the industry (Zamil Steel Experience). VIII: 2219-2220 Lateral Resistance for Steel Stud Wall Systems General definitions; lateral (shear) force design requirements; requirements for cold formed steel studs. Reviews of the code (including seismic provisions) to compare with the present practice. 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Overview of Chapter 22 (cont’d) No.& Sections Title/Key Elements Constituents Findings/Remarks IX: 2221 Open Web Steel Joists Adoption of the Standard Specifications of Steel Joists (K-series; LH-series; DLH-series; Joists Girders) Publisher: Steel Iron Institute (South Carolina 29577, USA). This section is very short and should be amended after a review of the adopted code. X: 2222-2229.3 Design Standards for Steel Storage Racks General (definitions); Exceptions; loads (maximum effects of movable loads); Design specifications. Required Reviews: exceptions; allowable stresses; stability; Wind and EQ-loads; Special designs. 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Overview of Chapter 22 (cont’d) No.& Sections Title/Key Elements Constituents Findings/Remarks XI: 2230 Design Standards for Steel Cables Application in Buildings. Adoption of the ASCE Standards 17-95 (Structural Applications for Buildings). Publisher:ASCE Reston, Virginia 20191. This section is very short and should be amended after a review of the adopted code. XII: 2230-22XX Design Standards for Steel Connections General (categories); LRFD-provisions; Analysis and design Not included in the proposed code! Should be added. 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

SELECTION OF MAIN ISSUES TO BE RESOLVED Initial view of the group The Parallel Use of LRFD and ASD The SBC should only emphasize (recommend) using the LRFD specifications (REASONS are numerous!: e.g. the scientific basis of ASD methods is obscure and less accurate compared to the LRFD methods) The Expanded Coverage of Seismic Provisions (ASD and LRFD) The coverage in the proposed SBC is blown out-of-proportion compared to the other 10 divisions! It should be curtailed as the seismic hazard should be limited to exposures of A to C ((seismic zones: 2A and 2B). The Use of ASTM Material Specifications Refer to some obsolete products (e.g.:A27). The SASO material specifications should be referred to as well (e.g.: material tables with properties and availability) 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

SELECTION OF MAIN ISSUES TO BE RESOLVED (cont’d) Initial view of the group The Exclusion of Certain Classes of Residential Buildings (one-and two-family dwellings, and single family housing) in IBC-2003). For instituting this limitation, the proposed code would NOT be “user-friendly” and it might worth-a-while to develop a UNIFIED code (e.g.: SRBC) that would emulate the IRC-2003. Key issues: i) residential versus industrial buildings; ii) practicality of developing in parallel two design documents; iii) modified definitions of residential buildings in the Kingdom compared to definitions elsewhere. The Absence of Design Specifications for PEB and Open Web Steel Joists An additional division on Connections (bolted and welded) should be added. Specifications on open-web steel joists should be amplified. 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

A Review of the IRC-2003 ِAdvantages Disadvantage Unified format and self contained document exclusively for one-and two-family dwellings, and single family housing. Highly detailed (see sample design details). Almost all design details are in a ready to use “tabulated” format. Little is left for the Engineer/Designer to do “other” than a selection process. Exclusively limited to using “cold-formed steel sections”. It does not refer to the “hot-rolled steel sections” and the LRFD specifications for such sections. Emulation of the IRC-2003 will involve a lot of work to make it self contained (e.g.: for R/C and Steel Structures designs). 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

IRC-2003: Typical Roof Details 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

IRC-2003: Typical Floor Framing Details 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

IRC-2003: Typical Tabulated Design Selection Tables 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Overview of Chapter 22 STEEL-SBC AN INDUSTRIAL PERSPECTIVE 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Outline of Expanded Scope of Proposed Steel Buildings Code The proposed Saudi Building Code (SBC) for Steel Buildings should address more issues as follows: Special requirements for Pre-Engineered Buildings (PEB) buildings to be addressed. Different buildings elements shall be covered: Built-up members; Hot-rolled members; Cold formed members; Cladding; Decking. Low-rise buildings (e.g.: Residential Buildings). 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Detailed Design Requirements for Built-Up Members Section geometry ratios and limitations (e.g. Af/Aw, H/B). Welded/Bolted Connection: Single side vs. double side; welding. Bolted connections. Stiffener Requirements. 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Various section geometry ratios and limitations: I Sections; Hot-Rolled Members Various section geometry ratios and limitations: I Sections; C Sections; Angles; Square tubes; Rectangular tubes; Circular tubes; T sections. 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Cold-Formed Members Need for more elaboration on design requirements of cold-formed members C, Z and other special shapes. Need for adding flexibility to the proposed SBC by reference to other codes may be added such as BS 5400. Euro-code 3. 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Shall be addressed in accordance with SDI code. Cladding Diaphragm Action: Shall be addressed in accordance with SDI code. 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Composite decking needs to be addressed. SDI and Euro-code 3 may be referenced. 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Low-Rise Buildings Requirements Tapered Member Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 Tapering. Buckling analysis. Welding requirements. 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Low-Rise Buildings Requirements (INDUSTRIAL & RESIDENTIAL) Roof live load. Deflection limitations. Crane load combinations. MBSM may be used to address the above issues. Dear Dr. Saeid, Please find hereunder the reply from Essam Amin of ZSI PRD Dept. Other notes about PEB buildings to consider: In the early days, PEB buildings were only meant for use as workshops, warehouses, car shades, and aircraft hangars. Today, the use of such buildings extends to shopping malls, showrooms, gymnasiums, office buildings….etc. In other words, the application of aesthetic finishes to metal building systems has resulted in the use of these systems for more than just simple “humble” buildings. PEB buildings offer metal building systems in the true sense of the word. This is because components such as wall cladding, roof cladding, main and secondary framing, and bracing are all designed to work together. The latest code on PEB buildings: Metal Building Systems Manual (MBSM: 2002 Edition)…previously known as the “Low Rise Building Systems Manual”. 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Emulation of the Jordanian Steel Building Code (ASD vs. LRFD). Chapter 22 STEEL-SBC Summary of Working Group Plan Short-term plans Long-term plans Proposed Timeline (based on continuous meetings of members of the group) : Reviews, comparative studies, documentation, editing, modifications (additions, deletion,…). Issues and challenges. Emulation of the Jordanian Steel Building Code (ASD vs. LRFD). First Draft, Review, Approval, Revised document. Final Approval and Documentation, Enforcements. 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003

Thank you. s.a.alghamdi 11/24/2018 Saudi Building Code-First Workshop: Riyadh-October, 2003