ORTOP NXT Robotics Techniques Workshop 2006 “Opening doors to the worlds of science and technology for Oregon’s youth” 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006 Goals Audience: Rookie coaches/mentors, experienced coaches & mentors Provide Material That Is Immediately Usable With Your Team Gain Mindstorms NXT Programming Experience You should have already attended NXT workshops I & II and/or coached a team in a 2005 tournament. 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006 Instructor Contacts Ken Cone kcone@hevanet.com 503-292-0920 Leroy Nuckles leroy.a.nuckles@intel.com 503-264-2088 Jim Ryan james.r.ryan@intel.com 971-225-6087 Scott Stanko scott.stanko@intel.com 971-215-9677 Roger Swanson swanson@hevanet.com 503-297-1824 Cathy Swider Cathy_swider@ous.edu 503-725-2920 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006 Agenda Introductions (5 min) Slide Review (20 min) Break into Teams NXT Techniques lab exercises (90 min) Review References (10 min) 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006 Agenda Handouts for this workshop: NXT_RTechniques2006V1.ppt (this slide set) NXT_RTechLab2006V1.doc (lab exercises) NXT WorkshopCD2006V3.2 NXT Workshop materials MindstormsNXT Tutorial by Dale Yocum INSciTE NXT Programming manual, from High Tech Kids High Tech Kids, see references slide 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006 Our Mission FLL is not just about building robots and competing in tournaments Develop team member skills technical team building research & presentation Technical problem solving can be fun The youngsters do the work Introduce possibility of a technical career 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006 NXT Basics LEGO Parts Identification Technic Liftarm 2x4 L shape Technic Liftarm 1x5, 1x7 Technic Liftarm 3x5 L shape Technic Liftarm 1x9 Bent Technic Pin Joiner Dual Axles & Pins Have kids inventory your NXT kit & get to know the parts Important to have all team members become familiar with robot parts. Build small sub assemblies, e.g. gear trains & grabbers 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006 NXT Basics Note how NXT parts are all pinned together using Technic parts There are only a few plates with bumps Motors are strong enough for direct drive – turn a wheel on your robot to feel the gears Motors have built in rotation sensors – programmed in degrees or rotations Take a minute to examine the NXT parts and motors 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Basics – Parts Pinned Together Note use of pins and axles that hold the pieces together Note direct drive, motor to wheels 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006 NXT Basics - Brick 3 Output ports on top USB port on top 4 Input ports on bottom Enter button (orange) Back button (black) Left & Right cursor buttons (grey) Screen shows program icons Push the Enter button, what happens? Take a minute to examine the NXT brick 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006 NXT Basics - Brick Back 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006 NXT Basics - Brick Firmware & programs stored in flash (like photos on a digital camera) Default inputs: touch = 1, light = 3, Distance = 4 Allowed: 2 touch, 2 light, 1 Distance Default outputs: Left motor = C, right motor = B Allowed: 3 motors (rotation sensors built in) Allowed: (3 - number of motors) rotation sensors 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006 NXT Basics - Brick The NXT Screen Shows My Files after power on Orange “Enter” button “Back” button below Enter Left & Right “Cursor” buttons Take a minute now, press the enter key, then navigate through the files Turn the NXT off by pressing Back several times until NXT asks “turn off” Confirm with Enter Each team member should try this More of the NXT brick controls in the lab Take a minute to turn your NXT on, off 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006 NXT Basics - Motors Forward is Clockwise on an NXT motor Note holes for Axles and Cams A Move block in the program controls both motors The robot moves straight - motors will adjust speed as the robot moves Recommend programming tests for straight and curved movements, single and multiple Move blocks Motors can be part of the framework for the robot Motors adjust speed to run straight, they have position and rate feedback 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Basics – Light Sensor Reads reflection from a built-in IR emitter - (the sensor responds to visible light and into the IR spectrum) (default mode) Or, reads light intensity from surroundings with emitter turned off A Calibration procedure is available to accommodate variable lighting conditions We will go through the calibration procedure in the lab. Note the light sensor is IR sensitive, e.g. it responds to heat. 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Basics – Light Sensors Default Values Sensor/ NXTView (Prior to calibration) Run Calibrate Program Cali-brated Values Sensor (After calibration) (View unaffected by cal) White 1023 max 60% >> 623 max 100% Green 42% 52% Black 0 min 30% 293 min 0% We will go through the calibration procedure in the lab. Note the light sensor is IR sensitive, e.g. it responds to heat. 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Basics – Light Sensors Calibration “normalizes” the max value to 100% and the min value to 0% Mid values e.g. green are also affected by calibration Be sure to deselect/select the light sensor block to get correct readings Click “default” in calibration window to return to default values Use NXT Brick View program or Sensor feedback box to read Black, Green, White values as in previous workshops The sensor feedback box (located in the configuration panel) displays the current light reading (0-100%). You can use it to try out different trigger values. We will go through the calibration procedure in the lab. Note the light sensor is IR sensitive, e.g. it responds to heat. 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006 NXT Basics - Sensors Touch sensor Responds to being pressed, or released, or bumped (pressed then released) Note axle slot for extending sensor capability Click “More help?” in lower right corner of Mindstorms screen. This works like Show Context Help in ROBOLAB 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Basics – Program Memory Maximum available memory is ~125KB Firmware refresh and all files deleted Each program is ~0.1KB overhead E.g. Move block ~5.1KB, two ~5.8KB E.g. Move + Wait for light sensor ~7.7KB Use My Blocks for subroutines Click NXT Window then Memory to view memory usage Instructor show this command Refer to NXTmemory.doc for more details Instructor, show this file 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Basics – Programming Open Mindstorms NXT, Close the Robo Center Find “Start New Program” – type “move1” and “Go>>”. Click the Move block (gears) – note white box Move mouse so white box is in Start square Click to drop the Move block in Start square Click hour glass Wait block, slide mouse to right and click Touch sensor – move to position to right of Move block. Use Esc key to undo a command Use Delete key to delete a block 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Basics – Lab Exercises Lab Sections – decide where to start Lab 1 – Light sensor calibration Lab 2 – Can-Do Challenge Lab 3 - The Distance sensor Lab 4 – 5 – Data Hubs & Variables Lab 6 – Switches & Range Blocks 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Basics – Lab Exercises Introduce yourself to other team members Begin with Lab1 exercise Continue with as many labs as you can 90 min to complete the labs Ask questions, chances are someone else has the same question Have fun! 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006 NXT Basics – LAB Conclusions Each team briefly explain a section of what you learned in this workshop What advice would you have for a team starting out with NXT? Teaching for understanding “creates challenging situations in which students test their knowledge by solving problems, building products, and giving performances or writing reports that synthesize thorough analysis of a topic, a concept, or an idea.” * 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006 NXT Basics Next Steps NXT Robotics Techniques slides NXT Techniques labs Mindstorms NXT tutorial (show tutorial) INSciTE tutorial Build and test some robots Test tracks Oval track with hill Make up your own exercises – stress basics 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

Programming Resources Tutorials, Dale Yocum On ORTOP CD or download from http://cgsinfo.catlin.edu/msrobotics/html/downloads.html takes time, go through in sections NXT Tutorial is also available online: http://www.ortop.org/NXT_Tutorial/ Requires Adobe Macromedia Shockwave Player and high speed download connection 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

Programming Resources ROBOLAB 2.9 for NXT ROBOLAB 2.9 is good where there are a mix of RCXs and NXTs  Mindstorms NXT is auto-formatting (no wiring) ORTOP will not teach ROBOLAB 2.9 at this time 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006 Information Resources Inscite www.hightechkids.org Look for FLL programming 101 nxt g .pdf This file is on the NXT workshop CD 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006 Review & Wrap-up Engineering is designing to constraints Allow your teams the experience of developing a creative solution to solve a problem 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006 Review & Wrap-up Please give us your input Let ORTOP know how we can improve the program Thanks for volunteering, your effort makes learning possible! Restore sensors to default location 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006 Our Mailing Lists Totally voluntary, and you can opt out ortopvol All volunteers One way from ORTOP to our volunteers We add you when you volunteer ortopcm Coaches and mentors Communication among that group and with ORTOP We add you when you complete a workshop 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006

NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006 Contact Us Website: www.ortop.org Email: questions@ortop.org Scott Stanko answers the questions email Phone: 503.725.2920 (Cathy Swider) or 503-725-2915 (Bruce Schafer) 11/24/2018 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2006