Jacques Cartier Mr. Rosse

The King of France was disappointed by Giovanni Verrazano’s failure He was looking for the North West Passage. The King did not launch any new expeditions after he returned

Heritage Moment https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tEASLYMtJH0 How does this video depict First Nations People and European Explorers?

Jacques Cartier Jacques Cartier was born in Saint-Malo, Brittany, France. He was born in the year 1491. Cartier received a very good education studying navigation, astronomy, mathematics, and seamanship.

Cartier’s 1st Voyage to Canada On April 20, 1534 Cartier set sail to North America. He had a crew of 61 men The ship he sailed was called “The Grand Hermine”.

Cartier sailed from Saint Malo, France 20 days later he arrived at Newfoundland and then continued to explore the coast of Labrador. Cartier discovered Prince Edward Island after exploring the coast of North America.

Cartier then sailed inland for 1000 miles, up a river which he charted and named the ‘St. Lawrence River’. He then entered the Baie de Gaspé He met a group of Iroquois.

Cartier meet the Iroquois Cartier claimed the land as France’s This caused Chief Donnacona to protest Cartier took 2 of his sons back to France to “give proof of the New World.”

Cartier called the land “Kanata” which meant ‘village’ or ‘settlement’ in the Huron-Iroquois language. Cartier returned to France after a 137 day voyage.

Cartier’s 2nd Voyage to Canada In 1535, Cartier returned to explore the great river (St. Lawrence River) Cartier used Donnacona’s two sons as guides Why would the two sons help guide Cartier?

The brothers agreed to guide them because they saw great trade possibilities by forming an alliance with the French. The brothers told Cartier about a secret land that was “rich and wealthy in precious stones He sought more information about the rich land

Stadacona (Quebec City) Cartier’s journey through the St. Lawrence to the city of Stadacona Cartier did not stay in Stadacona and where Montreal is located today Cartier was losing confidence that he could reach China from the St. Lawrence River

Disease During the winter, Cartier’s crew developed scurvy Cartier’s crew was given Vitiman-C-rich tea from the Iroquois for healing purposes After the winter, Cartier kidnapped more Iroquois and returned to France. Scurvy: Disease caused by lack of Vitamin C

Cartier’s 3rd Voyage to Canada On January 15, 1541, Lord Roberval was chosen by the king to lead the colonization of Canada On May 23, Cartier set sail with 5 ships and a crew of about 1500 which were to meet up with Roberval who set sail on April 1542.

Charlesbourg-Royal Cartier set up camp at Charlesbourg-Royal Cartier told the Iroquois the First Nations they took to France had died This upset the Iroquois which lead to the Iroquois to attack the French Cartier decided at this point to go back to France