Roman Empire
First Ten: Review from yesterday What advantages did Rome’s location give the city? How did the patricians give the plebeians power? Why did they do this? Which group of people held more power in the Roman republic, patricians or plebeians? When would the republic need to assign a dictator? For how long? Senātus Populus que Rōmānus "The Senate and People of Rome"
Hook – Review HW Dates of the Roman Republic: 509 – 27 BCE Dates of the Roman Empire: 27 BCE-476 CE Rise of Caesar: 59 BCE – 44 BCE
Work Session Roman Empire Notes and Videos Crossword Puzzle
Roman Empire
Punic Wars
Julius Caesar: “Veni, Vidi, ViNci” 59 BCE Government He set up a Triumvirate – 3 leaders – Caesar, Pompey, & Crassus. Caesar, Pompey successful military commanders Crassus one of wealthiest people in Rome Pompey & Caesar later became rivals. 46 BCE – named dictator for life Reforms Created jobs (construction) & expanded the empire through effective soldiers He expanded the senate, elected friends and supporters from Italy and neighboring provinces. Love with Cleopatra – united Rome with Egypt Fall Fearful Senators planned his death in 44 BCE (Brutus) After assassination, 2nd Triumvirate was formed: Octavian, Mark Antony, & Lepidus Octavian defeated the others and became the sole ruler of Rome. He was renamed Augustus Caesar & the 1st emperor of Rome.
Expansion!
The Pax Romana Pax Romana—the Roman Peace. This 200 year era was characterized by stable government, a strong legal system, widespread trade, and peace. 100 million people and 4,000 mile border. Roman government strongest unifying force in empire Maintained order, enforced laws, defended frontiers Aristocracy participated, but emperors made all important decisions Government Empire divided into provinces ruled by governors appointed from Rome Government in Rome kept close check on governors Any citizen could appeal unfair treatment directly to emperor Provinces Empire brought uniformity to the cities of the Mediterranean world, which were governed in imitation of Rome.
Pax Romana
Last Ten 3 – aspects of Roman culture 2 – famous leaders 1 – new vocabulary term from Rome