The G.P.S. of Rome

Location, Location, Location!

Establishment of Rome Romulus and Remus Myth “The Aneid” by Virgil Tiber River and the 7 Hills Proximity to Coastline 753 B.C.E.

Power Struggle Patricians Plebians Wealthy Landowners Aristocracy Inheritance Working Class Majority Farmers, Artisans, Merchants, etc

Power Sharing Senators- Patricians, life terms Citizens Assembly- Soldier Citizens Consuls- 1 year terms Tribunes of Plebs- local laws initially Temporary Dictators

Punic Wars- Rome v Carthage First Punic War- Rome Gains Sicily Second Punic War- Outlasts Hannibal Third Punic Wars- The Salting of Carthage

Transitioning to an Empire

What to do about Julius Caesar?

Julius Caesar Pompey Crassus The Triumvirate Julius Caesar Pompey Crassus

Julius Caesar Consul for 1 year (who likes him then?) Captures Gaul (France) Very popular with troops What to do with him and his army?

Caesar - Rivalry Refuses Senate orders to disband Marches triumphant into Rome and takes control- Rubicon River

More Julius Caesar Granted Roman citizenship to more in provinces Expanded Senate Created jobs for average people (public building projects, etc.) Fabulous festivals

Caesar Augustus Pax Romana!!! Efficient government Values of Romans—logic, simplicity, pragmatism