Antebellum America

North vs South The North and South were developing very differently. The North (New England) was unsuited to the large scale farming of the South

Northern Farms were small and not highly profitable Short growing season Poor soil This is so hard.

North vs South Instead, they began industrializing like England. Factories popped up all over New England. With factories, resources, materials and finished goods needed to be moved around the country, and transportation developed to a much greater degree.

North - smaller farms, fewer labor-intensive crops, less demand for slavery, more cities and industries South – large farms and plantations growing cotton and tobacco, made profitable by the use of slave labor

Transportation In Northern states, state run and funded roads were being built to aid industry.

Transportation Canals were also being built to allow for cheaper, faster travel and transport of goods and materials. Before the canal’s completion, a person shipping cargo between Buffalo and New York City paid between $90 and $125 a ton. By 1835, the cost had dropped to $4 per ton. Within a year of the opening of the Erie Canal, some 2,000 boats, 9,000 horses, and 8,000 men were employed in the transportation of goods on the canal.

Transportation

Transportation Trains started being used all over the North- the red lines are railroad lines. There was also a highway that went all the way across the North

The North Using your online textbook and these slides, answer these questions. Why was the North economically than the South? (219 and 220) What made transportation better in the North? (219 and 220)

Democrats Andrew Jackson and the Democrats were a new party, founded to counter programs that benefitted the North over the South, like protective tariffs and government sponsored transportation projects. It claimed state’s rights over federal power and appealed to Southerners, especially slave owners.

Democrats A major policy of the Democrats was Indian Removal. To open states like Tennessee and to cotton farming, the native Americans had to be moved from their ancestral lands. Look up these terms from the book – money power, p. 256 slave power, p. 256 Trail of Tears, p. 256 3. How do these relate to the rise of the Democrats and the power of the South?

Northern States Despite the fact that many states did not allow slavery and never had slaves in their borders, many had rules and laws for African Americans. Answer these questions using the book. 4. Where were “Black Laws” applied? (222-223) 5. What kinds of things were used to disenfranchise blacks in the North? (223-225) 6. What kind of voluntary organizations were created to support free Blacks in the North? (239) 7. Who had to carry free papers? What could happen to free people of color even if they had their papers? (240-241)