DNA & Replication

Transformation http://my.hrw.com/content/hmof/science/high_school_sci/na/gr9-12/hmd_bio_9780547688442_/dlo/biologyvideoclips/index.html?vid=31

DNA DNA stands for … DeoxyriboNucleic Acid It’s located in the … Nucleus

Structure Structure was discovered by Watson and Crick. The shape of DNA is called a DOUBLE HELIX. (Looks like a twisted ladder) Structure was discovered by Watson and Crick. Rosalind Franklin had the first pictures to help find out structure.

Nucleotides DNA is made of nucleotides. Nucleotides are made of three things: 1. Nitrogenous Base or 2. Sugar = deoxyribose 3. Phosphate

Nucleotides Those 3 parts come together to form a nucleotide. Nitrogenous Base Sugar = deoxyribose Phosphate

Nucleotides 2 Types: Pyrimidines Purines

Structure The nucleotides join together to make half of the DNA strand. This is only half of the twisted ladder. G G A A T C C

A & T are Always Together Structure To complete the double helix we need the opposite half of the ladder. DNA must follow the rule of Base Pairing. (Chargaff’s Rules) Only certain nucleotides can bond to each other. How to remember…. A & T are Always Together A - T C - G C & G are Getting Closer

C C C T T G A G G G A A T C C

Structure

Base Pairs The number of Adenines is always the same as number of Thymines.  Because A is always with T The number of Cytosines is always the same as number of Guanines.  Because C is always with G

DNA Replication We learned about cell division… This is how DNA is copied and made for the new cell. The process is called Replication.

DNA Replication The original DNA strand is split, and complementary bases pair to make new DNA. Results in 2 DNA strands, each with one original strand and one new strand. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b9YvRq4gSg8