Do now activity What is the difference between abiotic and biotic? Give 5 examples of abiotic factors that can be found in the ocean. Give 5 examples of biotic factors that can be found in the desert. What is the niche of decomposers in a food chain?

Section 8-1: niche & symbiosis Essential Question: Why is one organism’s niche important to the entire community? Learning Target Determine the importance of an organism’s niches in maintaining the stability of a community. Evaluate the group behavior of organisms and how these behaviors impact their chance of survival as individuals and species’. Section 8-1: niche & symbiosis

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Biotic: living things in an ecosystem that can influence an organism Example: Plankton Algae (what Plankton eats) Shrimp (what eats Plankton) Other fish that live in the same ecosystem overview

Abiotic: non-living factors of an environment overview Abiotic: non-living factors of an environment Example: Plankton Water Sand Rocks Climate

overview Habitat (ecosystem): an area where an organism lives that includes both abiotic and biotic factors.

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A niche is a role or job of an organism in the ecosystem. Examples What the organism eats What eats the organism How the organism reproduces The abiotic factors the organism needs niche

Competition happens when niches overlap

niche Competition Exclusion Principle: no two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time.

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When 2 different species live closely together symbiosis When 2 different species live closely together

There are 3 types of symbiosis interactions

Mutualism: both species benefit from the relationship symbiosis Mutualism: both species benefit from the relationship

symbiosis Commensalism: One species benefits the other is neither helped or harmed.

symbiosis Parasitism: One species gets all or most of its nutrients from another species.

Ectoparasites – live on the outside symbiosis Ectoparasites – live on the outside

Endoparasites – live on the inside symbiosis Endoparasites – live on the inside

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Human interference Altering habitats Human activities that reduce biodiversity: Altering habitats Introducing foreign species into established food webs Polluting ecosystems Hunting species to extinction habitats altered for housing, agriculture, or industry habitat fragmentation: splitting a habitat into small fragments the smaller the habitat fragment, the fewer the number of species Biomagnification Endangered Species Bioaccumulation Invasive Species Habitat Fragmentation Extinction-1681

Human interference DECREASES Conservation: management and preservation of natural resources.

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Section 9-1: niche & symbiosis Essential Question: Why is one organism’s niche important to the entire community? Learning Target Determine the importance of an organism’s niches in maintaining the stability of a community. Evaluate the group behavior of organisms and how these behaviors impact their chance of survival as individuals and species’. Section 9-1: niche & symbiosis

Do now activity Choose a symbiotic relationship and explain how it is a positive/negative relationship? Explain how an organism’s niche relates to its trophic level (placement in the food chain). What is the difference between biotic and abiotic? What is the Competition Exclusion Principle?