1.3 Cells and Energy cellular respiration ATP glycolysis fermentation photosynthesis

1.3 Cells and Energy Cellular Respiration Series of chemical reactions that transforms the energy in food molecules to usable energy. ATP—adenosine triphosphate—a usable molecule of energy

Reactions in the Cytoplasm 1.3 Cells and Energy Reactions in the Cytoplasm Glycolysis (step 1 of cellular respiration) Transforms glucose to smaller molecules Requires energy and releases electrons

Reactions in Mitochondria 1.3 Cells and Energy Reactions in Mitochondria Step 2: smaller molecules are broken down more electrons are released

Reactions in Mitochondria (cont.) 1.3 Cells and Energy Reactions in Mitochondria (cont.) Step 3 (final step): requires oxygen and uses electrons from steps 1 and 2 to produces ATP and water

Fermentation Occurs in cytoplasm only Does not use oxygen 1.3 Cells and Energy Fermentation Occurs in cytoplasm only Does not use oxygen Produces fewer ATP molecules compared to cellular respiration Types of fermentation Lactic acid fermentation Alcohol fermentation

Processes that Release Cellular Energy 1.3 Cells and Energy Processes that Release Cellular Energy

Photosynthesis Consists of a series of chemical reactions 1.3 Cells and Energy Photosynthesis Consists of a series of chemical reactions Transforms light energy to food

Light and Pigments Objects reflect some colors and absorb others. 1.3 Cells and Energy Light and Pigments Objects reflect some colors and absorb others. Chloroplasts in plants contain the pigment chlorophyll that reflects green light.

Reactions in Chloroplasts 1.3 Cells and Energy Reactions in Chloroplasts Photosynthesis uses light energy, water, and CO2 to make sugars.

Importance of Photosynthesis 1.3 Cells and Energy Importance of Photosynthesis The cells of most organisms use sugars produced by photosynthesis. It supplies Earth’s atmosphere with oxygen which is needed for cellular respiration.

Glycolysis is part of what process? A cellular respiration 1.3 Cells and Energy A B C D Glycolysis is part of what process? A cellular respiration B lactic acid fermentation C alcohol fermentation D photosynthesis Lesson 3 Review

What makes leaves appear green? A water B carbon dioxide C glucose 1.3 Cells and Energy A B C D What makes leaves appear green? A water B carbon dioxide C glucose D chlorophyll Lesson 3 Review

Where does photosynthesis occur? A cytoplasm B mitochondria 1.3 Cells and Energy A B C D Where does photosynthesis occur? A cytoplasm B mitochondria C chloroplasts D muscles Lesson 3 Review

End of Lesson 3

Chapter Resources Menu Chapter Assessment California Standards Practice Concepts in Motion Image Bank Science Online Interactive Table Virtual Lab BrainPOP Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding feature.

Which is not a macromolecule found in cells? A water B lipids C proteins D carbohydrates Chapter Assessment 1

What is DNA? A a protein B a nucleic acid C a lipid D a carbohydrate A Chapter Assessment 2

What organelle transports substances in the cytoplasm? A ribosomes D What organelle transports substances in the cytoplasm? A ribosomes B lysosomes C vacuoles D vesicles Chapter Assessment 3

How are eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells similar? A size B C D How are eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells similar? A size B both contain membrane-bound organelles C both have a cell membrane D both have a nucleus Chapter Assessment 4

What is required for fermentation? A oxygen B glucose C lactic acid D carbon dioxide Chapter Assessment 5

What organelle is common to both plant and animal cells? A cell wall SCI 1.b A B C D What organelle is common to both plant and animal cells? A cell wall B chloroplasts C cytoskeleton D lysosomes CA Standards Practice 1

Where is genetic information stored in plant and animal cells? SCI 1.c A B C D Where is genetic information stored in plant and animal cells? A nucleus B cell membrane C ribosomes D chloroplasts CA Standards Practice 2

How do multicellular organisms grow? A their cells get bigger SCI 1.f A B C D How do multicellular organisms grow? A their cells get bigger B they retain more water C the number of cells increases D their organelles get bigger CA Standards Practice 3

Which organelle releases energy for cell functions? A nucleus SCI 1.d A B C D Which organelle releases energy for cell functions? A nucleus B chloroplasts C ribosomes D mitochondria CA Standards Practice 4

What organelle uses sunlight energy to make food? A cell wall SCI 1.d A B C D What organelle uses sunlight energy to make food? A cell wall B chloroplasts C mitochondria D central vacuole CA Standards Practice 5

Plant Cell Animal Cell Concepts in Motion 1

Image Bank

Interactive Table Cell Structure Part A Part B Part C

End of Resources