The Anatomy of the Respiratory System

5 Main Functions of the Respiratory System ____________________ Gas exchanger _____________________ __________________ Allows for sense of smell

Divisions of the Respiratory System 1. ___________________(outside thorax) _________ Nasal Cavity Larynx

Divisions of the Respiratory System 2. _________________________(within thorax) ___________ Bronchial Tree _____________

Structures of the Upper Respiratory Tract ________________________ Palantine bone separates nasal cavity from mouth. Cleft palate - Palantine bone does not form correctly, difficulty in swallowing and speaking. ___________ - separates right and left nostrils rich blood supply = nose bleeds. ________ - 4 air containing spaces – open or drain into nose.

Structures of the Upper Respiratory Tract _____________ 3 divisions ____________ - behind nose to soft palate. ____________ - behind mouth, soft palate to hyoid bone. tonsils ____________ - hyoid bone to esophagus.

Structures of the Upper Respiratory Tract Pharynx Continued Changes shape to allow for vowel sounds = _____________.

Upper Respiratory Tract Functions ________________________ Receptors for smell _______________________________________________________________ __________________________ Resonating chambers for voice

Structures of the Lower Respiratory Tract _______________ Root of tongue to upper end of trachea. Made of cartilage 2 pairs of folds Vestibular/false vocal cords: thick folds mucous membranes that protect true cords

Structures of the Lower Respiratory Tract larynx cont… ________________- adam’s apple - larger in males due to testosterone. _________________ - flap of skin (hatch) on trachea, moves when swallowing and speaking. closes off trachea when swallowing food

Structures of the Lower Respiratory Tract ________________ Larynx to bronchi Consists of smooth cartilage and C shaped rings of cartilage. _______________ - cutting of an opening in trachea to allow breathing.

Structures of the Lower Respiratory Tract ________________ Tubes that branch off trachea and enter into lungs ______________ Branches: Primary bronchi—secondary bronchi—tertiary bronchi—bronchioles Bronchioles branch into microscopic alveolar ducts. Terminate into alveolar sacs ____________________________________________

Gas Exchange Between the Blood and Alveoli Figure 10.8A

Structures of the Lower Respiratory Tract ________________ Extend from diaphragm to clavicles ________________________________ Visceral pleura (membrane) adheres to the lungs.

Organs in the Respiratory System STRUCTURE FUNCTION nose / nasal cavity   pharynx (throat) larynx trachea (windpipe) bronchi bronchioles alveoli

(Plural – bronchi) Bronchioles

Lung Anatomy