American Revolutionary War American War of Independence 1775–1783

Who? Great Britain Colonists (13 colonies) And… Redcoats And … And … Loyalists/Tories mercenaries And … Continental Army Patriots And… Revolutionaries/Rebels

Right to “life, liberty, and property!” Why? Right to “life, liberty, and property!” Declaration of Rights Inalienable rights of any person…life, liberty, property Government should protect, not abuse these rights. King George III We will not forfeit them, only fight for a government that is not tyrannical! Patrick Henry

Where? Western Frontier Sea Middle Colonies New England Colonies Southern Colonies Western Frontier Why at seas? – Britain has a strong navy, prevent goods/resources from supplying the colonists with weapons, food and manpower Sea

International Support aids the continental Army Turning Point? Hudson River British defeat at Saratoga (1777) Saratoga, NY International Support aids the continental Army British Gen. John Burgoyne travel south to capture Ft. Ticonderoga British Gen. Howe travel north on the Hudson River to meet Burgoyne To meet at Saratoga and effectively cut off New England colonies from war Burgoyne recaptures Ft. Ticonderoga but Howe travels south on the Chesapeake to capture Philadelphia (forcing delegates to leave) Burgoyne is surrounded by the Continental Army and forced to surrender

Treaty of Paris of 1783 Outcome? 10,000 British deaths VICTORY! Through almost every possible suffering and discouragement for the space of either long years, was little short of a standing miracle. 10,000 British deaths 7,500 Hessians died 25,600 American deaths 10,000 died in camp 8,500 died in British prisons 7,200 died in battle The United States was independent Boundaries: Mississippi River on the west, Canada on the north, Spanish Florida on the south US right to fish off Canada’s Atlantic coast Each side would repay its debts to the other The British would return any enslaved persons Congress would recommend that states return any property they had seized from Loyalists Treaty of Paris of 1783 US – did not repay war debts they owed British merchants, nor return loyalists property Britain - did not return runaway slaves, did not give up military outposts such as Fort Detriot