McCarthyism and the Second Red Scare

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McCarthyism and the Second Red Scare American Cold War Culture and Law.

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McCarthyism and the Second Red Scare American Cold War Culture and Law

President Truman Expands the federal bureaucracy. National Security Act of 1947 NSC (National Security Council) DoD (Department of Defense) CIA (Central Intelligence Agency)

President Truman Expands federal government size and power Executive Order 9835 Barred members of the Communist Party from federal employment. Fascists too States started to do this too Loyalty oaths

Senator Joseph McCarthy Wisconsin Republican facing defeat in election of 1950 Turns to a platform of anti-Communism

The List “I have here a list of 205 names that were made known to the Secretary of State as being members of the Communist Party and who nevertheless are still working and shaping policy in the State Department.”

Definition of McCarthyism The fear, suspicion, and scapegoating that surrounded McCarthy, his accusations and the general curtailment of civil rights during the Cold War era. It was a witch-hunt style campaign to silence critics of the Cold War.

House UnAmerican Activities Committee (HUAC) Subcommittee of the House of Representatives Purpose: To root out “subversion” of the American system The Question: “Are you now or have you ever been a member of the Communist Party?”

The McCarran Act Formal name: The Internal Security Act Requires communist organizations to register with the Subversive Activities Control Board Authorizes the arrest of suspect persons during national emergency Six concentration camps built for this purpose

The Immigration and Nationality Act Another McCarran-authored law Barred people who were deemed either “subversive” or “homosexual” from becoming citizens or even visiting the U.S. Power to deport immigrants who were members of the Communist Party, even if they were citizens In effect until 1973

Examples of McCarthyism In NYC, citizens must take loyalty oath to receive a fishing license FDR’s New Deal is re-evaluated as “a socialist conspiracy” and “20 years of treason” Jonas Salk invents vaccine for Polio; a congressman suggests that it be distributed to all school-age children for free. Eisenhower’s Secretary of Health rejects the idea as an attempt to “socialize medicine through the backdoor.”