Health Science Digestive System 2011 Spring Review Health Science Digestive System
Digestive System
What is the digestive system also known as? __________________
Gastrointestinal System
What is the process of physical breakdown of food called
Mastication
What is the Digestive system responsible for? _______(2 things)____
Chemically & physically breaking down food
What is the salivary gland for? ______________
Producing liquid to make swallowing easier; begins chemical digestion
What is the muscle in the mouth?____________
Tongue
What is the uvula?_____________
Cone-shaped structure hanging from soft palate
Name the 3 sections of the small intestine.
Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum
What is another term for “eating”?
Ingestion
Where does the digestive process begin?
Mouth (buccal cavity)
About how long is the large intestine?
5 feet
How long is the jejunum?
8 feet
How long is the ileum?
12 feet
The mucous membrane lining the stomach which contains folds is called _____________
Rugae
T/F The rugae in the stomach disappear when filled with food.
True
What does food pass through on its way to the stomach?
Pharynx and esophagus
What produces the gastric juices in the stomach?
Glands in the stomach
When the bolus mixes with the gastric juices in the stomach, what is the semi-liquid produced called?
Chyme
What is the rhythmic, wave-like involuntary movement that causes food to move through the body?
Peristalsis
What are the 4 functions of the digestive system?
Ingestion Digestion Absorption Elimination
(T/F) Ingestion is breaking food into smaller particles.
False
Which part of the digestive system receives food from the esophagus
Stomach
All unusable material removed from the body is __________.
Elimination
The stomach is the enlarged part of the ___________ canal.
Alimentary
Name the digestive organs in the correct sequence.
Mouth, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine
Name the accessory organs.
salivary glands, tongue, teeth, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
Name the parts of the large intestine.
Cecum, colon, rectum
What is the enzyme that starts protein digestion?
pepsin
Which of the following is NOT a salivary gland? Submandibular gland Parotid gland Alimentary gland Sublingual gland
Alimentary gland
Breaking down food into smaller particles is called ___________.
Digestion
Where does the alimentary canal start and end?
Starts at the mouth and ends with the anus
__________ are finger-like projections that line the walls of the small intestine.
Villi
What happens to digested food when it reaches the intestines?
It is absorbed through the intestinal walls.
What is a bolus?
Food that is chewed up and mixed with saliva which forms a ball
What are the names of the 3 sphincters found in the digestive system?
Cardiac, pyloric, and anal