“If life were a strawberry, we’d all be drinking a lot of smoothies.” …8:47 a.m. http://www.metacafe.com/watch/2696735/did_you_know/ “If life were a strawberry, we’d all be drinking a lot of smoothies.”

Civil War (1861 – 1865)

First shots fired at Fort Sumter, South Carolina First shots fired at Fort Sumter, South Carolina. Confederates capture the fort. This signals the start of the Civil War. Civil War: the conflict between the Union states of the North and the Confederate states of the South April 1861

Lincoln orders McDowell (the Union commander) into action due to Virginia’s secession from the Union. Goal: take over an important railroad junction. Why do you think McDowell wanted control of this specific location? The Union is met by Confederate opposition. Origin of “Stonewall Jackson.” “Look! There is Jackson standing like a stone wall!” 1st Battle of Bull Run

Naval blockade of the South’s ports to prevent trade. How does this impact the South? Union military strategy, also called the ANACONDA PLAN Lincoln’s blockade

War strategy of the Confederates…inflicting continuous losses on the enemy (the Union) in order to wear down its strength. Why would the South choose this strategy? War of attrition

War in the East The Merrimack The Monitor Iron clad warship created by South. Created to stop Lincoln’s blockade. The North’s answer to the Merrimack. The Monitor caused retreat of the South’s Merrimack. What is the warfare significance of these iron naval ships? War in the East

Battle of Antietam

Lack of Confederate soldiers Draft Slaves taken away from plantations for military Issue of states’ rights raised General Lee feared the South did not have enough soldiers to fight, and this instituted a draft. 3 years of service for white men ages 18 – 35. The Confederate government also authorized seizing male slaves. Draft: required military service 1862 Confederate draft

North also instituted a military draft to raise troops for the war. This met with opposition and riots from the public and political protest. Copperheads: few remaining Democrats in Congress against the draft 1863 Union draft

Martial law for state of Kentucky in order to secure it for the Union and overthrow the pro-Confederacy government. Martial law: emergency military rule Writ of habeas corpus: legal protection against unlawful imprisonment Suspended briefly in some Union areas 13,000 imprisoned without trial Why would Lincoln do this? Wartime actions

Emancipation Proclamation New Year’s Day, 1863 “I, Abraham Lincoln….do order and declare that all persons held as slaves within said designated States, and parts of states, are and henceforward shall be free…” Emancipation Proclamation

Contraband issue African American soldiers If slaves were property that ran away from the South, the North could take them as ‘contraband.’ Contraband: captured items of the enemy government In total, 10% of all Union troops in the war. Earned less pay until June 1864. Carney: 1st African American to earn the Congressional Medal of Honor 54th Massachusetts Infantry at Fort Wagner, S.C. Effects

3-day Battle of Gettysburg 1st day Confederates enter Gettysburg, P.A. Encountered Union soldiers and fight emerged – grew into the Battle of Gettysburg. 2nd day Confederates attack Little Round Top, a Union position thought to be vulnerable. Union soldiers manage to fend off the attack, possibly saving themselves from defeat. 3rd day Confederates risk everything on an infantry charge toward the center of the Union position. Union fires back, but stops in order to save ammunition. 3-day Battle of Gettysburg

15,000 Confederates march and attack the Union, thinking that the Union had run out of artillery. However, the Union began firing again and only a few hundred Confederates reached Union lines. Pickett’s Charge

Pickett’s Charge Visual http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dSraOEtrhWY What do you notice in this clip? Pickett’s Charge Visual

4 months after the Battle of Gettysburg, people gathered to honor the dead and dedicate a cemetery on November 19th, 1863. Lincoln was invited to deliver some remarks. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BvA0J_2ZpIQ What does the Gettysburg Address say to you? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vA6g3OnINsg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wgxeMrNlM8s&feature=related What about now? Gettysburg Address

“Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been dully convicted, shall exist within the United States…” December 18th, 1865 13th Amendment

Civil War Trivia M.C.

When and where did the Civil War start? A) 1865 in Fort Sumter, S.C. B) 1850 in Atlanta, GA C) 1861 in Fort Sumter, S.C. D)1863 in Gettysburg, P.A. When and where did the Civil War start?

A) Instituted a draft B) Seized slaves to help in the war effort C) Gave up and surrendered to the North D) Both A & B In 1862, the South feared they would not have enough soldiers to win the war. What action did they take to solve this problem?

Which amendment made slavery illegal? A)Amendment 12 B) Amendment 13 C) Amendment 14 Which amendment made slavery illegal?

How did Stonewall Jackson die? A) Ulysses S. Grant killed him B) Robert E. Lee killed him C) Friendly fire D) Committed suicide How did Stonewall Jackson die?

Sherman’s March took over which 2 cities in GA? A) Atlanta & Savannah B) Atlanta & Macon C) Atlanta & Valdosta Sherman’s March took over which 2 cities in GA?

The naval blockade of the South’s ports is referred to as…? A) Scott’s Great Snake B) Lincoln’s blockade C) Anaconda Plan D) All of the above The naval blockade of the South’s ports is referred to as…?

What was the Union’s goal in the 1st Battle of Bull Run? A) Take control of an important railroad junction B) Overthrow the Confederate government C) Free the slaves What was the Union’s goal in the 1st Battle of Bull Run?

A) Lee’s March B) Pickett’s Charge C) Pickett’s March On the 3rd day of the Battle of Gettysburg, the Confederates risked everything on an infantry charge toward Union lines. This was referred to as…?