7th Grade Acids and Bases Review

Old Info Solution: a mixture of two or more substances Solute: the substance that changes when a solution is prepared or is present in the smallest amount Solvent: the substance that does not change when a solution is prepared or is present in the largest amount

Newer, but Still Old Info Concentration: the ratio of the amount of solute to the volume of solvent, usually in mL Dissociate: when a chemical compound is dissolved in a solvent and separates into two or more ions Ion: a chemical compound that has a negative or a positive charge

What This Unit is All About... Hydrogen ion H+ H atom that lost 1 electron Nucleus and proton remain Interacts readily with other molecules → is very reactive Hydroxide ion OH- Water molecule that has lost a hydrogen ion, H+

Acids and Bases Acid: a chemical compound that dissociates into a hydrogen ion and a negatively charged ion when mixed with water Chemical that turns into H+ and something else in water Base: a chemical compound that dissociates into hydroxide ion (OH-) and a positively charged ion when mixed with water Chemical that turns into OH- and something else in water

More Acids and Bases pH scale: scale from 0 to 14 that is a measure of the H+ concentration LOGARITHMIC Acids turn litmus paper RED Bases turn litmus paper BLUE

Remember Our Labs… Dilution: adding more solvent to a solution to make the solution less concentrated Neutralization: when an acid and a base react to form a water molecule and reduce the hydrogen ion concentration