Washington Leads a New Nation Lesson 1 The Big Idea: President Washington and members of Congress established a new national government.

The First President Washington elected President, John Adams is Vice President Electoral college-

Organizing the government Precedent- First Congress created departments in the executive branch for different areas of national policy (Cabinet) Precedent-an action or a decision that serves as an example for later generations

Cont. Alexander Hamilton-Secretary of Treasury Thomas Jefferson-Secretary of State Henry Knox- Secretary of War Samuel Osgood- Postmaster General

Cont. Judiciary Act=created a federal court system with three levels

Americans’ Expectations for the Nation 1790- U.S. had 4 million people New York City is first capital

Hamilton and National Finances Lesson 2: Big Idea-Treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton developed a financial plan for the national government.

Settling the Debt As Secretary of the Treasury, Hamilton’s biggest challenge was paying off the national debt National Debt- As Secretary of the Treasury, Hamilton’s biggest challenge was paying off the national debt National Debt-the amount of money owed by the U.S. to its lenders

Cont. Bonds- Speculators- Bonds- certificates that represent money owed Speculators- people who buy items at low prices in the hope that the value will rise.

Cont. Owed 25 million for war expenses Hamilton wanted to pay off debt before losing trust of citizens Decided to move capital to a new area. Later known as Wash. D.C.

Jefferson Opposes Hamilton Hamilton believed in a strong central government, Jefferson believed in the right of the people to rule Protective tariff-this tax would raise the prices of foreign products

A National Bank Hamilton-loose construction-the federal gov. can take any reasonable actions that the Constitution does not specifically forbid Jefferson-strict construction-the federal gov. should do only what the Constitution specifically says it can do

The Bank of the United States was chartered by Congress

Challenges for a New Nation Section 3 Big Idea: The U.S. faced significant foreign and domestic challenges under Washington. Section 3

Remaining Neutral French Revolution- Neutrality Proclamation-

The French Question As a result of differences between Jefferson and Hamilton, Jefferson resigned

Jay’s Treaty War possible 1793-British seized ships carrying food Treaty-British agree to pay damages for seized ships and the British would abandon the forts In return America would pay her debts to British

Pinckney’s Treaty Spain and U.S. dispute the border between Florida and U.S. Right of Deposit-allow U.S. boats to transfer their goods at New Orleans Treaty-Spain agreed to change Florida border, and reopened New Orleans port

Conflict in the Northwest Americans keep settling NW Indians were supplied with guns and ammo from British traders. Battle of Fallen Timbers- Treaty of Greenville-

Whiskey Rebellion Congress passed tax on Whiskey Farmers couldn’t afford tax Protesters refused Washington gathered an army and marched to PA, protesters scattered

Washington’s Farewell Address Talked about Dangers of foreign ties Political divisions Concerns about debt

John Adams’s Presidency Lesson 4 Big Idea: The development of political parties in the United States contributed to differing ideas about the role of the federal government.

Election of 1796 Political parties- Federalist Party Democratic Republican Party The person who came in second was the vice president (Jefferson)

Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr ran Strong Gov Dem-Rep Party Limit Gov. Power Popular in South Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr ran Federalist Strong Gov Promote Industry and Trade John Adams and Thomas Pinckney ran Popular North

President Adams/XYZ affair War Preparations Peace Efforts

Alien and Sedition Acts These two acts opposed by Madison and Jefferson who wrote the KY and VA resolutions

Jefferson Becomes President Lesson 5: Thomas Jefferson’s election began a new era in American government.

The Election of 1800 Candidates- 12th amendment-

Jefferson in Office Jefferson inaugurated- Jefferson makes changes-

The Louisiana Purchase Lewis and Clark were asked by Jefferson to take a trip to the west exploring the purchase. Sacagawea guided the men through the Rocky Mountains

Supreme Court John Marshall- Marbury vs. Madision- Judicial Review-