Fermintation 4.6

Glycolysis https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EfGlznwfu9U

KEY CONCEPT Fermentation allows the production of a small amount of ATP without oxygen.

Fermentation is used in food production. yogurt cheese bread

Fermentation allows glycolysis to continue. Fermentation allows glycolysis to continue making ATP when oxygen is unavailable. Fermentation is an anaerobic process. occurs when oxygen is not available for cellular respiration does not produce ATP

Fermentation allows glycolysis to continue making ATP when oxygen is unavailable. NAD+ is recycled to glycolysis Lactic acid fermentation occurs in muscle cells. glycolysis splits glucose into two pyruvate molecules pyruvate and NADH enter fermentation energy from NADH converts pyruvate into lactic acid NADH is changed back into NAD+

Fermentation and its products are important in several ways. Alcoholic fermentation is similar to lactic acid fermentation. glycolysis splits glucose and the products enter fermentation energy from NADH is used to split pyruvate into an alcohol and carbon dioxide NADH is changed back into NAD+ NAD+ is recycled to glycolysis

Fermentation Experiment https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FYClCHVT00M

Fermentation Bozman Science https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cDC29iBxb3w

Diabetes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MGL6km1NBWE

How our body makes ATP, ENERGY!! Review

Cellular Respiration (3-stages) Glycolysis Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) Electron Transport Chain (ETC) Glucose Krebs cycle Electron transport Glycolysis Fermentation (without oxygen) Alcohol or lactic acid November 24, 2018

Electron Transport Chain Flowchart Section 9-2 Cellular Respiration Carbon Dioxide (CO2) + Water (H2O) ATP Glucose (C6H1206) + Oxygen (02) Glycolysis Krebs Cycle Electron Transport Chain

To the electron transport chain Figure 9–3 Glycolysis Glycolysis: Step 1 Glucose 2 Pyruvic acid To the electron transport chain

To the electron transport chain Figure 9–3 Glycolysis Section 9-1 Glucose 2 Pyruvic acid To the electron transport chain

To the electron transport chain Figure 9–3 Glycolysis Section 9-1 Glucose 2 Pyruvic acid To the electron transport chain

Energy Yield net gain of 2 ATP at the expense of 2 ATP Where Cytoplasm NO O2 required Energy Yield net gain of 2 ATP at the expense of 2 ATP 6-C glucose  TWO 3-C pyruvates Free e- and H+ combine with organic ion carriers called NAD+  NADH + H+ (nicotinamide dinucleotide) November 24, 2018

Kreb’s Cycle https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JPCs5pn7UNI

Breakdown of Pyruvic Acid Where mitochondria Pyruvate (3-C)  Acetic acid (2-C) 3rd C forms CO2 Acetic acid combines with Coenzyme A to form ACETYL-CoA November 24, 2018

Summary In Pyruvate NAD CoA Out CO2 (as waste) NADH Acetyl-CoA November 24, 2018

ETC – Electron Transport Chain https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VER6xW_r1vc

Electron Transport Chain Summary Glucose Glycolysis Cytoplasm Pyruvic acid Electrons carried in NADH Krebs Cycle Electrons carried in NADH and FADH2 Electron Transport Chain Mitochondrion