ARTICULOS y ADJECTIVOS

ARTICULOS DEFINITE ARTICLES INDEFINITE ARTICLES MASC. FEM. MASC. FEM. SINGULAR PLURAL MASC. FEM. SINGULAR PLURAL MASC. FEM.

Choose the correct definite article. una un bola fiesta documento ventana lápiz vaso mundo izquierda selva avenida el / la

ADJECTIVES

We can learn 3 important pieces of information from a NOUN: Nouns (un repaso) Examples: We can learn 3 important pieces of information from a NOUN: Conejo DEFINITION GENDER (male, female) NUMBER (singular, plural) Rabbit Male Singular THE DEFINITION AND THE GENDER OF A NOUN WILL NEVER, EVER, EVER, EVER CHANGE!!!

How can you tell… The NUMBER of a noun? EXAMPLES If it ends in “s”, its probably PLURAL If it does not end with “s”, its probably SINGULAR Libros, mujeres, computadoras Pelo, familia, papel

How can you tell… The GENDER of a noun? EXAMPLES O= Masculine A=Feminie E= maybe MASCULINE and FEMININE *If you’re not sure, you should look up the word (when in doubt, the dictionary is your friend!!!) *There are some irregulars that break the rules…they must be memorized. Chico, hombro, libro Chica, nota, blusa Estudiante, paciente, cliente *suéter, ratón, jersey *el agua, el mapa, el problema, el artista, el aguila

We can learn 3 important pieces of information from an ADJECTIVE: ADJECTIVES… Examples: We can learn 3 important pieces of information from an ADJECTIVE: amarillo DEFINITION GENDER (male, female) NUMBER (singular, plural) yellow male singular THE GENDER AND THE NUMBER OF AN ADJECTIVE WILL ALWAYS, ALWAYS, ALWAYS CHANGE!!!

ADJECTIVES… Adjectives must match the NUMBER and the GENDER of the noun they describe!!!! HOW?!?!?! Every adjective can have up to 4 forms…

4 forms of an ADJECTIVE… Tall Alto Alta Altos Altas GENDER / NUMBER ***If an ADJECTIVE ends with an “o”, you can change it to “a” to make it FEMININE (and vice versa to make it masculine). ***If an ADJECTIVE ends with a vowel, add “s” to make it plural. Tall Alto Alta Altos Altas GENDER / NUMBER Masculine, singular Feminine, singular Masculine, plural Feminine, plural

4 forms of an ADJECTIVE… Estupido Estupida Estupidos Estupidas ***If an ADJECTIVE ends with an “o”, you can change it to “a” to make it FEMININE (and vice versa to make it masculine). ***If an ADJECTIVE ends with a vowel, add “s” to make it plural. Estupido Estupida Estupidos Estupidas GENDER / NUMBER Masculine, singular Feminine, singular Masculine, plural Feminine, plural

4 forms of an ADJECTIVE… Strong Fuerte Fuertes GENDER / NUMBER ***If an ADJECTIVE ends with an “e”, it is NEUTRAL (both male and female). There is no need to change its gender ***If an ADJECTIVE ends with a vowel, add “s” to make it plural. Strong Fuerte Fuertes GENDER / NUMBER Neutral, singular Neutral, plural

4 forms of an ADJECTIVE… Hard Working GENDER / NUMBER trabajador ***If an adjective ends with a CONSONANT, you can add “a” (to make it feminine (by default, it is considered masculine). ***If an adjective ends with a CONSONANT, add “es” to make it plural. Hard Working trabajador trabajadora trabajadores trabajadoras GENDER / NUMBER Masculine, singular Feminine, singular Masculine, plural Feminine, plural

How do you match the ADJECTIVE to the NOUN? First know the GENDER and NUMBER of the noun. (remember this never changes) Know how you will describe it (let’s say “white rabbit”) Add the adjective AFTER the noun El CONEJO = rabbit MASCULINE and SINGULAR BLANCO = white 3. El CONEJO BLANCO (white rabbit)

How do you match the ADJECTIVE to the NOUN? First know the GENDER and NUMBER of the noun. (remember this never changes) Know how you will describe it (let’s say “pretty woman”) Change the adjective to match the noun (if it ends in “o”, change it to “a”.) Write the adjective after the noun La Mujer = woman FEMININE and SINGULAR BONITO = pretty MASCULINE and SINGULAR BONITO => BONITA LA MUJER BONITA

How do you match the ADJECTIVE to the NOUN? First know the GENDER and NUMBER of the noun. (remember this never changes) Know how you will describe it (let’s say “large bags / purses”) Change the adjective to match the noun (if it’s neutral, we don’t worry about gender, add “s” to make it plural). Write the adjective after the noun Las Bolsas = purses / bags FEMININE and PLURAL Grande = large NEUTRAL and SINGULAR GRANDE => GRANDES LAS BOLSAS GRANDES

Práctica – How do you say… Chico bajo Chica baja Chicos bajos Chicas bajas Hombre fuerte Mujer fuerte Hombres fuertes Mujeres fuertes Short boy Short girl Short boys Short girls Strong man Strong woman Strong men Strong women Camisa verde Zapato verde Camisas verdes Zapatos verdes Gato perezoso Gata perezosa Gatos perezosos Gatas perezosas Green shirt Green shoe Green shirts Green shoes Lazy male cat Lazy female cat Lazy male cats Lazy female cats

PRACTiCE… Las chicas altas The Tall girls Los pantalones largos Write the following phrases in Spanish… Las chicas altas Los pantalones largos Los zapatos blancos La blusa verde ¿ ? Los ojos azules El pelo rojo El suéter negro The Tall girls The Long pants The White shoes The Green blouse The Boring teacher The Blue eyes The Red hair The Black sweater