Comparison of the Spectrum of Radiologic and Clinical Manifestations of Pulmonary Disease Caused by Mycobacterium avium Complex and Mycobacterium xenopi

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Comparison of the Spectrum of Radiologic and Clinical Manifestations of Pulmonary Disease Caused by Mycobacterium avium Complex and Mycobacterium xenopi Maria C. Carrillo, MD, Demetris Patsios, MD, Ute Wagnetz, MD, Frances Jamieson, MD, Theodore K. Marras, MD, FRCPC, MSc Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal Volume 65, Issue 3, Pages 207-213 (August 2014) DOI: 10.1016/j.carj.2013.05.006 Copyright © 2014 Canadian Association of Radiologists Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Emphysema in the left upper lobe in a patient with Mycobacterium xenopi infection. Compared with Mycobacterium avium complex, patients with M xenopi more often have emphysema. The image also depicts a large cavity with thick walls that involved the right upper lobe. Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal 2014 65, 207-213DOI: (10.1016/j.carj.2013.05.006) Copyright © 2014 Canadian Association of Radiologists Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 (A) Multiple cavities with thin walls are seen in the right upper lobe in a patient with Mycobacterium avium complex infection. (B) A large cavity with thick walls in the right upper lobe in a patient with Mycobacterium xenopi infection. Cavities were more frequent in patients with M xenopi pulmonary infection in our study. Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal 2014 65, 207-213DOI: (10.1016/j.carj.2013.05.006) Copyright © 2014 Canadian Association of Radiologists Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 (A) Bronchiectasis in the right middle lobe and lingula, and nodules in the right and left lower lobes in a patient with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection. MAC was more often associated with bronchiectasis and a nodular bronchiectatic computed tomography pattern in our study. (B) Bronchiectasis, bronchial wall thickening, and nodules in the right upper lobe in a patient with Mycobacterium xenopi infection. The left upper lobe depicts some areas of emphysema. M xenopi is more often associated with a cavitary pattern and nodules in our study. Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal 2014 65, 207-213DOI: (10.1016/j.carj.2013.05.006) Copyright © 2014 Canadian Association of Radiologists Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 (A) Bronchiectasis with volume loss in the right middle lobe and numerous small nodules in the right lower lobe. (B) Bronchiectasis in the right lower lobe (black arrow) and a small peripheral area of airspace disease (white arrow) Bronchiectasis in our study was more common with Mycobacterium avium complex (A) vs Mycobacterium xenopi (B). Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal 2014 65, 207-213DOI: (10.1016/j.carj.2013.05.006) Copyright © 2014 Canadian Association of Radiologists Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 (A) Airspace disease with consolidation and cavities in a patient with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection. (B) Ground-glass opacities and consolidation in a patient with Mycobacterium xenopi infection. Consolidation was seen with similar frequency in the present study in patients with MAC and M xenopi pulmonary infection. Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal 2014 65, 207-213DOI: (10.1016/j.carj.2013.05.006) Copyright © 2014 Canadian Association of Radiologists Terms and Conditions

Figure 6 (A, B) Pulmonary nodules in the right lower lobe in 2 patients with Mycobacterium xenopi. Nodules were more prevalent in patients with M xenopi infection in our study. Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal 2014 65, 207-213DOI: (10.1016/j.carj.2013.05.006) Copyright © 2014 Canadian Association of Radiologists Terms and Conditions