AP Review Unit 1.3 (pt 1).

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Presentation transcript:

AP Review Unit 1.3 (pt 1)

Key Concept 1.3:Development and Interactions of Early Agricultural, pastoral, and Urban societies Overtime civilizations develop Civilization: a large-scale agricultural society with the following characteristics: 1. Cities/ Urbanization 2. States (organized political institutions) 3. Hierarchies (religious and social) 4. Organized trade 5. Record keeping systems (writing or counting) **** Note: most civilizations developed monumental architecture too

Key Concept 1.3:Development and Interactions of Early Agricultural, pastoral, and Urban societies Mesopotamia (Sumer) Politics: City-states led by Kings Lack of stability/ frequent invasions Location Competition Culture: Polytheistic: anthropomorphic gods (human-like) Pessimistic worldview Astronomy and math Cuneiform Bronze tools, chariots, ziggurats, Epic of Gilgamesh Society: Specialized labor (social classes) Patriarchy

Key Concept 1.3:Development and Interactions of Early Agricultural, pastoral, and Urban societies Egypt Politics: United empire: pharaoh (God-king) Stable: 3 kingdoms Extensive bureaucracy: regional governors Culture: Polytheistic Optimistic worldview: belief in after-life Book of the Dead Hieroglyphics and pyramids Society: Job specialization (social classes) More mobility Priests highly elevated Patriarchal (women higher status than Mesopotamia) Hatshepsut: female pharaoh

Key Concept 1.3:Development and Interactions of Early Agricultural, pastoral, and Urban societies Mohenjo-Daro/Harrapa Politics: Believed to have centralized control Culture: Polytheistic Tools, baths, seals, and sewage systems Writing system yet to be deciphered Society: Stratified society (social classes) Priests highly elevated Assumed to be patriarchal Strong reverence for female fertility

Key Concept 1.3:Development and Interactions of Early Agricultural, pastoral, and Urban societies Shang China Politics: Centralized: led by emperor (appointed by heaven but not divine) bureaucracy Culture: Ancestor veneration: oracle bones Complex pictorial language Bronze tools, chariots, and intricate jade figurines Society: Stratified society: social classes Patriarchal