Introduction to Chemistry Chapter 1 Lesson 4 Changes in Matter Introduction to Chemistry Chapter 1 Lesson 4

Blog Planet Diary Whenever I go to the beach, I spend a majority of my time building a sand castle. I try to build it after a high tide comes. That way I have a lot of time to build up the walls and they will not be destroyed as quickly by the water. Even though the waves will eventually destroy the castle and take the sand with them back to the ocean, the sand could be easily separated from the ocean. At the end of the day when I leave and kick and stomp on my sand castle, it is still sand. Only its appearance changes.

What Happens to a Substance in a Physical Change? Matter can be changed physically and chemically.  A physical change alters the form or appearance of matter but does not turn any substance in the matter into a different substance. A substance that undergoes a physical change is still the same substance after the change. Examples of physical changes include changes in state, dissolving, bending, crushing, breaking, and chopping. The methods of separating mixtures, such as filtration and distillation, involve physical changes.

Chemical Change Summary A change in matter that produces one or more new substances is a chemical change. A chemical change is also called a chemical reaction. Unlike a physical change, a chemical change produces new substances with new and different properties.

Chemical Change Summary Examples of chemical changes include combustion, electrolysis, oxidation, and tarnishing. The law of conservation of mass, also called the law of conservation of matter, states that in any physical or chemical change, matter is neither created nor destroyed. During a chemical change, atoms are not lost or gained. They are rearranged.

How Are Changes in Energy and Matter Related? Energy is the ability to do work or cause change. Every chemical and physical change in matter includes a change in energy. Like matter, energy is conserved in a chemical change. Temperature is a measure of how hot or cold something is. Temperature is related to the energy of motion of the particles of matter.

How Are Changes in Energy and Matter Related? Thermal energy is the total energy of all of the particles in an object. Thermal energy flows from warmer matter to cooler matter. A change in which energy is absorbed is an endothermic change. A change in which energy is released is an exothermic change.   The energy stored in the chemical bonds between atoms is called chemical energy. Chemical energy can change into other forms of energy, and other forms of energy can change into chemical energy.

Properties of Matter Interactive Art https://www.pearsonrealize.com/community/program/b 5aea82b-ad2c-3447-b122- 4b953e6a7cba/17/tier/093fbf6d-063c-353c-8057- f7001e301701/18/lesson/c779fdb2-ae7b-381b-9344- e996307fb7d3/18/content/46b42f42-10c4-33b6-b3dd- 4ed40a0979a7/19

Conservation of Matter Interactive Art Chemical Change A change in matter that produces one or more new substances is a chemical change, or a chemical reaction. In one type of chemical change, a single substance changes to one or more other substances. In other chemical changes, two or more substances combine to form different substances. Methane Combustion When substances such as methane burn in air, the chemical change that occurs is called combustion. When methane burns, each methane molecule rapidly combines with two oxygen molecules. Products of a Chemical Change One CO2 and two H2O molecules are made from the combustion reaction. https://www.pearsonrealize.com/community/program/b5aea82b- ad2c-3447-b122-4b953e6a7cba/17/tier/093fbf6d-063c-353c-8057- f7001e301701/18/lesson/c779fdb2-ae7b-381b-9344- e996307fb7d3/18/content/a4caf41d-8a93-30c1-9e38- d8194d22664b/16

Conservation of Matter Conservation of Mass When methane burns, it combines with oxygen in the air to form two new substances. These new substances are carbon dioxide and water. In the 1770s, a French chemist, Antoine Lavoisier, carried out experiments in which he made accurate measurements of mass before and after a chemical change.  His data showed that no mass was lost or gained during the change. The idea that matter is never created or destroyed in any chemical or physical change is called the law of conservation of mass. No mass is lost because atoms are not lost or gained, only rearranged. 

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