Sustainable Nuclear Energy Technology Platform – SNETP Jozef Misak, Director for Strategy, NRI Rez Fourth NEA Information Exchange Meeting on Nuclear Production of Hydrogen 13 - 16 April 2009 Oak Brook, IL, USA 24.11.2018

Objective of the presentation Introducing Sustainable Nuclear Energy Technology Platform (SNETP) its vision membership modes of operation established working groups current status of the work estimated schedule of implementation connection with non-electric applications of nuclear power 24.11.2018

Nuclear Research Institute Rez 24.11.2018

NRI Rez - EXAMPLES OF ACTIVITIES Qualification of NPP cables Comparison experiment vs FLUENT analysis (PANDA facility) Display of NPP Temelín MCR Digitalised as-built NPP Temelín Lay-out of a deep geological repository Temperature field at R outlet at MCP start-up Demonstration bitumenation unit Operation of Pb-Bi loop Welding for spent fuel repacking Dynamic analyses of in pipes PET Centre hospital Fossil plant Ledvice 660 MW

The European context Energy Policy for Europe: 20, 20, 20 by 2020 20% reduction in GHG (compared to 1990) 20% renewable energies in energy mix, 20% reduction in energy consumption On the longer term vision for low carbon society by 2050, the EC technology breakthroughs are needed and these are identified in the Strategic Energy Technology Plan Europe has recently rightly acknowledged the role nuclear energy plays for a sustainable energy mix by listing it as one key low-carbon technology in the SET Plan 24.11.2018

Nuclear energy in EU There are 145 nuclear reactors in operation in 15 out of 27 EU countries, with installed power ~ 131,5 GWe Nuclear contribution to EU electricity production is ~ 31 % Reduction in CO2 emissions by ~900 Mton, i.e. equivalent to emissions from whole transport sector in EU Reduction in import of natural gas by ~190 Mton, i.e. equivalent ~ 80 % of the total import of the gas to EU-27 Nuclear energy shows the best safety track-record compared to all other types of plants 24.11.2018

Contribution of nuclear energy to sustainable European energy mix CO2 emissions must be cut by 50%-80% by 2050 to limit the world temperature average increase to 2° (IPCC), but the world energy demand may double by this date Europe’s electricity system must prove sustainable by ensuring altogether a secure fuel and electricity supply, decreasing CO2 emissions and stable and affordable prices for consumers Renewable energies, energy efficiency and CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage) cannot alone achieve such a massive CO2 reduction in a sustainable manner, especially regarding stable prices and secure electricity supply. In consequence a nuclear share in the EU mix of at least 30% is required until 2050 24.11.2018

Contribution of nuclear energy to sustainable European energy mix Fusion will not replace fission. Even in a best case where fusion reactors would be industrially deployable from 2070, generation IV reactors will keep on operating. Therefore, fission research cannot be put into competition with fusion research programmes. Known global uranium resources can cover a hundred years under current conditions and they are distributed worldwide in stable countries. These resources would last for thousands of years when considering future fast neutron reactors. Uranium price has little impact on generation costs of current and future nuclear power plants Decommissioning techniques are available and proven in operations already performed 24.11.2018

Contribution of nuclear energy to sustainable European energy mix Technical solutions exist already for managing and recycling spent fuel and nuclear waste Generation IV and new fuel cycle systems will further diminish the nuclear waste legacy by decreasing its radioactive inventory, lifetime, thermal load and volume Nuclear energy has other promising applications than electricity, such as low-cost mass hydrogen production Nuclear can significantly contribute to enhancing the sustainability of Europe’s energy mix as the largest low-carbon energy source and as a safe and competitive electricity generation source with a secure fuel supply 24.11.2018

What is Sustainable Nuclear Energy Technology Platform (SNETP)? SNETP is a Europe-wide forum gathering stakeholders sharing the same vision: from nuclear industry, research centres, technical safety organisations, universities, etc. SNETP overall goal is to enhance the sustainability of nuclear fission by supporting technological development. SNETP members are convinced that nuclear fission can contribute to a sustainable energy mix (low greenhouse gases emissions, security of supply, stable electricity prices); research is though necessary to enhance further its sustainability 24.11.2018

A collective vision, endorsers and contributors – currently 67 organizations sharing the same vision This slide gives you an overview of the contributors to the Vision Report of the platform, which is available at the desk of the forum, or on the web site of the platform, www.snetp.eu . 24.11.2018

European vision on sustainable nuclear power The Sustainable Nuclear Energy Technology Platform (Launched 21 Sept. 2007, currently nearly 70 organizations) 24.11.2018

Vision of the SNETP Actions required for ensuring sustainability of nuclear: Maintain safety and competitiveness of today’s reactor technologies (Gen II and Gen III reactors) Develop Gen IV fast breeders with closed fuel cycle Enlarge the nuclear fission portfolio beyond electricity production: H2, synthetic fuels (2nd generation biofuels, coal to liquid, H2O desalination, paper, cement 24.11.2018

Necessary steps towards sustainability European vision of sustainable nuclear power– Progress to sustainability Necessary steps towards sustainability Live time extension of current NPPs Replacement of current reactors by Gen III by 2020 and Gen IV fast reactors by 2035-2040 A transition phase is necessary between current reactors and GEN IV systems. Gen. III 24.11.2018

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Sustainable Nuclear Energy Technology Platform (SNE-TP) Kick-off meeting : September 21, 2007 SNE-TP Objectives & Organization (www.snetp.eu)

Operations of the SNETP It is based on voluntary information provided by individual members (e.g. organisations) or groups of members (e.g. FP project consortia) The Platform develops the Strategic Research Agenda and the Deployment Strategy and monitors their implementation. The Platform provides a basis for dissemination of information on nuclear related research at EU level It fosters new research required to reach the objectives of sustainable nuclear energy through available funding tools (FP, national, bilateral projects) It initiates special research projects e.g. very large “infrastructure” projects (Joint Technology Initiatives) and addresses associated funding and legal issues 24.11.2018

Operating structure of SNE-TP Secretariat 24.11.2018

Short and medium term deliverables of the SNETP Strategic Research Agenda: research programme, performance targets, priorities, timelines and budget needs for industry and publicly funded research and development; Deployment Strategy: implementation of the SRA, demonstration and deployment projects up to prototypes, measures for enhancing networking of the R&D capacity in Europe, ways for leveraging public and private investment in R&D; Knowledge Management and Training Strategy: ensuring that knowledge and experience is properly maintained and used, and that the transfer of knowledge between generations is properly ensured; Strategy on Funding Mechanisms: including public-private partnerships leading to commercialisation of technologies; A policy interface: promoting interaction between the Platform and political institutions and policy makers, e.g. through the European Nuclear Energy Forum; a strategy to develop and implement cooperation with other European Technology Platforms and co-operation at international level. 24.11.2018

Strategic Research Agenda The document has been finalized in March 2009, passed through public consultations, now ready for publication More than 160 scientists, engineers, researchers from more than 60 institutions contributed to this work Strategic Research Agenda covers: R&D for current & evolutionary LWR Advanced fuel processing Gen IV Fast Neutron Reactors & closed fuel cycle V(HTR) & other non-electric applications Cross-cutting issues (materials, simulation, safety, actinide science) 24.11.2018

SNETP Road Map for Gen IV Fast Reactors 24.11.2018

: Development of the HTR/VHTR coupling with industrial process heat 24.11.2018

Strategic Research Agenda SNE-TP Nuclear Forum Deployment strategy Policies Funding Harmonisation of regulatory framework for existing & new technologies (certification) Other “enablers” Euratom FP National R&D programmes Bilateral / multi-lateral Programmes International programmes R&D tools including research infrastructures Training & education of EU workforce Construction of technology demonstration facilities & industrial prototypes Industrial Deployment

Interactions of SNETP with other TPs & International initiatives 24.11.2018

Web-site & member work-space http://www.snetp.eu https://extranet.snetp.eu https://extranet.snetp.eu (members only) 24.11.2018

Thank you! 24.11.2018