Many Parties Slavery issue causes a split in the Democratic Party Election of 1860 12-5 Many Parties Slavery issue causes a split in the Democratic Party Northern Democrats nominate Stephen Douglas

Southern Democrats nominate John C. Breckenridge Election of 1860 12-5 Southern Democrats nominate John C. Breckenridge

Election of 1860 12-5 Moderates from the North and South form the Constitutional Union Party and nominate John Bell

Republicans nominate Abraham Lincoln Election of 1860 12-5 Republicans nominate Abraham Lincoln

Election of 1860 12-5 Lincoln Elected Republicans called for slavery to be left undisturbed in the South, but excluded from the territories – no more slave states allowed Lincoln wins election by winning every state in the North Which states had more electoral votes? Northern or Southern? Why?

Election of 1860 12-5 Breckenridge wins South Douglas wins MO and ½ of NJ (they can split their electoral votes) Bell wins KY, VA & TN Border States (slave states that didn’t secede): Missouri Delaware Kentucky Maryland West Virginia sometimes considered a border state – the western half of VA seceded from the state at the beginning of the Civil War SUMMARY

Reactions to Secession The South Secedes 12-5 Reactions to Secession December 1860: South Carolina votes to secede Many Southerners celebrated secession, but some were concerned Concerned about what?

Northerners believed that the Union should stay together The South Secedes 12-5 Northerners believed that the Union should stay together Abolitionists were happy that the South left Why would they be happy? Lincoln wondered if the “minority have the right to break up the government if they choose.”

Presidential Response The South Secedes 12-5 Who is president when South Carolina secedes? Presidential Response Dec 1860, James Buchanan believed that the South didn’t have the right to leave, but he also didn’t believe he had the power to stop them

March 4, 1861, Lincoln is sworn in as our 16th president The South Secedes 12-5 March 4, 1861, Lincoln is sworn in as our 16th president In his inaugural address Lincoln declares that secession is not permitted

Attempts to Compromise The South Secedes 12-5 Attempts to Compromise People in the South didn’t trust republicans Why? Southerners want Constitutional amendments to protect slavery Republicans rejected this idea and Southerners didn’t want to compromise

The South Secedes 12-5 The Confederacy February, 1861: TX, LA, MS, AL, FL, and GA leave the Union, they join SC and form the Confederate States of America (CSA)

Jefferson Davis elected president of the Confederate States of America The South Secedes 12-5 Jefferson Davis elected president of the Confederate States of America Southerners justified their secession with the theory of states’ rights

The South Secedes 12-5 States argued that they volunteered to be part of the Union, so when the federal gov’t violated the Constitution they could choose to leave SUMMARY

The War Begins CSA began seizing U.S. forts in their states Fort Sumter 12-5 The War Begins CSA began seizing U.S. forts in their states Who do the forts belong to? CSA demanded the surrender of Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina – it was manned by U.S. soldiers

Lincoln sends unarmed Union forces with supplies to Ft. Sumter Fort Sumter 12-5 Lincoln was notified on the day of his inauguration that the fort was in need of supplies Lincoln sends unarmed Union forces with supplies to Ft. Sumter Do you think the Confederates want the fort to receive the supplies?

Davis ordered his forces to attack the Fort on April 12, 1861 Fort Sumter 12-5 Davis ordered his forces to attack the Fort on April 12, 1861

April 14, 1861 : U.S. troops fall to the Confederate troops Fort Sumter 12-5 April 14, 1861 : U.S. troops fall to the Confederate troops

SUMMARY After the attack on Ft. Sumter: Fort Sumter 12-5 After the attack on Ft. Sumter: Lincoln calls for 75,000 troops (to enlist for 90 days) to save the Union VA, NC, TN, AR join the CSA What does this say about Lincoln’s view of the Confederacy at this point? SUMMARY