Horses: Edwin Muir JOnathan Peel JLS 2014 Saturday, 24 November 2018

Read the poem TASK 1 List all the adjectives and figurative descriptions used of the Horses. JOnathan Peel JLS 2014

Consider your lists The adjectives have been carefully chosen to create effect. What effects are there? Can you group the adjectives into ideas? Fire? Power? JOnathan Peel JLS 2014

Leaving this and looking at the poem: SCASI Setting: Can you suggest a time period – a season, perhaps? Where is the persona in relation to the Horses? What descriptors stand out in the “memory section” of the poem? Why do you think “blackening” and “black” are used alongside images such as the “eyes as brilliant and wide as night”? JOnathan Peel JLS 2014

The setting may be threatening and bleak, next: Character. The persona serves to provide memory of the Horses. Move from adult mind to childish and back again. How is his emotion presented in the final stanza? TASK: How does the childish mind perceive the horses? TASK: each table focuses on a single stanza – 2-6. Using the description of the Horses, what is running through the persona’s mind? Is it perhaps, awe, fear, excitement, pride…? Feedback. JOnathan Peel JLS 2014

Action The persona only travels back in time The Horses are the action… “Lumbering” and “Steady” in stanza 1… What other verbs or images are used by Muir to create effect? TASK: Find the verbs and comment on the effect of the choice. Make a table… JOnathan Peel JLS 2014

Stanza Verb/ Image effect JOnathan Peel JLS 2014 1 Lumbering, steady Seemed terrible, so wild and strange Dull and slow moving. Nothing impressive, nothing exciting Seemed introduces memory – new ideas suggest what memory will explore. 2 Hooves like pistons in an ancient mill “pistons” suggest machinery and power. The “ancient” mill suggests not just industry, but industry going back ever further in the mind. 3 Conquering hooves Ritual Great hulks were seraphim of gold Mute ecstatic monsters Military? Powerful An everlasting, regular event with religious connotation. Focuses on continuum of seasons Vast size seen as Almost Angelic creatures – from a spirit world with immense value and colour of fire and glory? 4 Marched broad-breasted Sinking sun Furrows rolled behind like struggling snakes Pride in a military bearing – horses like great soldiers End of day – End of useful life metaphor? Or just an ever-turning world? Colours? What is left seems to have magical property - 5 Steaming Nostrils/Smouldering bodies Seemed Gigantic Mysterious fire The natural effect of breath and perspiration is given a magical twist – like great engines coming to a platform – seem enormous in the half light. The “fire” is imaginary: connotations of passion and force? 6 Eyes Brilliant …wide as night Cruel apocalyptic Can darkness be brilliant? Milton thought so… Or stars… endless depths Recalls the image from 3 of Seraphim – 4 Horsemen?? Power and danger, threat and excitement. 7 Dread country crystalline Childish fears are crystalline – delicate and amazingly beautiful – engaging. JOnathan Peel JLS 2014

Style Simple: 7 quatrains AABB (etc) rhyme scheme Does it change? Look for the variation… Why might this be? Caesura in Stanza 1: “On the bare field – I wonder why, just now” double caesura slows down the pace as we enter memory. Highly figurative in the memory Framed by present but with significant change of perception: “Ah, now it fades! It fades!...” Repetition, strong punctuation and ejaculation of grief suggest almost physical longing for the memory… JOnathan Peel JLS 2014

Ideas: Childhood allows imagination – adults lose this and feel pain of loss when reminded - State of innocence allows fear and dread and magic to be imposed onto the mundane world - The ordinary can be rendered as extraordinary – Hunting Snake, Pied Beauty, Pike, Westminster Bridge Cycle of time and seasons – Continuum, Summer Farm Adults struggle to connect with imagination and rely on the ordinary and controlled. Planners, City Planners, Where I come from, Westminster Bridge Task: See if you can find other links across the 2015 poems? Now go to Horses You tube presentation or the John Lyon English Department You tube channel for more videos. JOnathan Peel JLS 2014