SYMBOLS FUNCTION 1 2 3 4 5

SYMBOLS FUNCTION 6 7 8 9 10 A heater is designed to transfer the energy from an electric current to heat the surroundings. 9 10

Voltage, current and resistance The ............. (or cell) give the electrons ........... which are then pushed out along the wire. battery energy The size of the push is called the ‘................ ...................’ or voltage. ‘Potential difference’ Metals contain free ................. electrons Electrical .............. is moving electrons current The metal atoms (ions), slow down the electrons causing ................ . This makes the bulb filament ..... . resistance. hot. Word list: resistance current energy electrons battery ‘potential difference’ hot

At point P: Current in at P = Currents out at P

Bulbs in Series Bulbs in Parallel A A * Bulbs in series are dimly lit * If one bulb breaks the other goes out * Bulbs in parallel are bright * If one bulb breaks the other stays on Used in some Christmas tree lights Used in houses and car head lamps